PMID- 23769333
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140129
LR  - 20220321
IS  - 1549-4713 (Electronic)
IS  - 0161-6420 (Linking)
VI  - 120
IP  - 12
DP  - 2013 Dec
TI  - Spectral-domain optical coherence tomographic findings at each stage of punctate 
      inner choroidopathy.
PG  - 2678-2683
LID - S0161-6420(13)00434-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.05.012 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: To describe the natural course of punctate inner choroidopathy (PIC) 
      using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). DESIGN: Prospective 
      observational case series. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-two consecutive patients (60 eyes) 
      with PIC with at least 3 months of follow-up. METHODS: Serial SD-OCT images were 
      obtained from both eyes of each participant at each visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 
      The morphologic characteristics of each stage of PIC lesions observed by SD-OCT. 
      RESULTS: Continued stage progression of PIC lesions was observed in 27 eyes 
      (45%), among which choroidal thickness changes were observed in 8 eyes (30%). 
      Stage I lesion showed a normal appearance or slight irregularities in the outer 
      nuclear layer. Stage II lesion appeared as a focal elevation of the retinal 
      pigment epithelium (RPE) with corresponding disruption of the inner and outer 
      segments of the photoreceptor interface. Stage III lesion broke through the RPE, 
      forming a hump-shaped chorioretinal nodule with moderate reflectivity beneath the 
      outer plexiform layer (OPL), generally with subsequent disruption of Bruch's 
      membrane. Nodules occasionally invaded the inner retina, causing segmental 
      retinal phlebitis in 2 eyes. Stage IV lesion regressed in a retrograde manner 
      with tissue loss from the photoreceptor layer and inner choroid, finally leaving 
      a V-shaped hernia of the OPL and inner retina into the choroid. Stage V lesion 
      gradually eliminated the photoreceptors around the lesion; this process was 
      accompanied by RPE proliferation at multiple levels, which reduced retinal 
      herniation. Parafoveal stage V lesions caused late occult macular atrophy in 4 
      eyes. Choroidal thickness increased throughout the active phase and reached a 
      peak at stage III; this parameter then significantly decreased at stage IV and 
      gradually reached a minimum that was lower than the initial value at stage I. 
      CONCLUSIONS: Punctate inner choroidopathy is a chorioretinitis rather than an 
      inner choroidopathy. Spectral-domain OCT characterized a 5-stage evolution of PIC 
      lesions: choroidal infiltration, formation of sub-RPE nodules, and then 
      chorioretinal nodules, regression, and retinal herniation.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 American Academy of Ophthalmology. Published by Elsevier Inc. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Xiongze
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Zuo, Chengguo
AU  - Zuo C
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Li, Meng
AU  - Li M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Chen, Hui
AU  - Chen H
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Huang, Shizhou
AU  - Huang S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China.
FAU - Wen, Feng
AU  - Wen F
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address: wenfeng208@yahoo.com.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130612
PL  - United States
TA  - Ophthalmology
JT  - Ophthalmology
JID - 7802443
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Child
MH  - Chorioretinitis/classification/*diagnosis
MH  - Choroid/pathology
MH  - Disease Progression
MH  - Female
MH  - Follow-Up Studies
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Inner Segment/pathology
MH  - Retinal Photoreceptor Cell Outer Segment/pathology
MH  - Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology
MH  - Tomography, Optical Coherence/*methods
EDAT- 2013/06/19 06:00
MHDA- 2014/01/30 06:00
CRDT- 2013/06/18 06:00
PHST- 2012/09/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/04/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/05/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/01/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0161-6420(13)00434-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.05.012 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ophthalmology. 2013 Dec;120(12):2678-2683. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.05.012. 
      Epub 2013 Jun 12.