PMID- 23790291
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140203
LR  - 20130624
IS  - 1873-4324 (Electronic)
IS  - 0003-2670 (Linking)
VI  - 786
DP  - 2013 Jul 5
TI  - Microwave-assisted extraction combined with gel permeation chromatography and 
      silica gel cleanup followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the 
      determination of organophosphorus flame retardants and plasticizers in biological 
      samples.
PG  - 47-53
LID - S0003-2670(13)00625-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.062 [doi]
AB  - An analytical method for the determination of 14 organophosphorus flame 
      retardants (OPFRs), including halogenated OPFRs, non-halogenated OPFRs and 
      triphenyl phosphine oxide (TPPO) in biological samples was developed using gas 
      chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Biological samples were extracted using 
      microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) with hexane/acetone (1:1, v/v) as the 
      solvent; then, a two-step clean-up technique, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 
      combined with solid phase extraction (SPE), was carried out before GC/MS 
      analysis. Experimental results showed that the developed method efficiently 
      removed the lipid compounds and co-extract interferences. Moreover, using the 
      relatively "narrow" column (with an i.d. of 10 mm) significantly decreased the 
      elution volume and, therefore, prevented the loss of the most volatile OPFRs, 
      especially trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP). The method 
      detection limits (MDLs) for OPFRs in the biological samples ranged from 0.006 to 
      0.021 ng g(-1) lw, and the recoveries were in the range of 70.3-111%, except for 
      TMP (38.9-55.6%), with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of less than 14.1%. 
      The developed method was applied to determine the amount of the target OPFRs in 
      biological samples (i.e., fish and domestic birds) that were collected from the 
      Pearl River Delta (PRD) region in southern China. Of the 14 OPFRs, tri-n-butyl 
      phosphate (TnBP), tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(chloropropyl) 
      phosphate (TCPP) and tributoxyethyl phosphate (TBEP) were present in all of the 
      biological samples that were analyzed, and dominated by TnBP, TCEP and TBEP. The 
      concentrations of OPFRs in the biological samples that were collected from the 
      PRD region were higher than those reported in other locations.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ma, Yongqing
AU  - Ma Y
AD  - School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, 
      Guangzhou 510275, China.
FAU - Cui, Kunyan
AU  - Cui K
FAU - Zeng, Feng
AU  - Zeng F
FAU - Wen, Jiaxin
AU  - Wen J
FAU - Liu, Hong
AU  - Liu H
FAU - Zhu, Fang
AU  - Zhu F
FAU - Ouyang, Gangfeng
AU  - Ouyang G
FAU - Luan, Tiangang
AU  - Luan T
FAU - Zeng, Zunxiang
AU  - Zeng Z
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130513
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Anal Chim Acta
JT  - Analytica chimica acta
JID - 0370534
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Organophosphorus Compounds)
RN  - 0 (Plasticizers)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 60650-90-0 (Silica Gel)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Catfishes
MH  - Chickens
MH  - Chromatography, Gel/*methods/standards
MH  - Ducks
MH  - Fishes
MH  - Flame Retardants/*analysis
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods/standards
MH  - *Microwaves
MH  - Organophosphorus Compounds/analysis
MH  - Plasticizers/*analysis
MH  - Silica Gel/*chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
EDAT- 2013/06/26 06:00
MHDA- 2014/02/04 06:00
CRDT- 2013/06/25 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/03/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/04/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/06/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/02/04 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0003-2670(13)00625-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.062 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Anal Chim Acta. 2013 Jul 5;786:47-53. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.062. Epub 2013 
      May 13.