PMID- 23818786
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20130703
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1176-6328 (Print)
IS  - 1178-2021 (Electronic)
IS  - 1176-6328 (Linking)
VI  - 9
DP  - 2013
TI  - Efficacy of second-generation antipsychotics in patients at ultra-high risk and 
      those with first-episode or multi-episode schizophrenia.
PG  - 861-8
LID - 10.2147/NDT.S45697 [doi]
AB  - AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the speed of response, doses, and 
      safety of treatment with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) in patients at 
      ultra-high risk (UHR) compared to those with schizophrenia. METHODS: A 12-week 
      open-label, prospective study of SGAs was performed in UHR patients and those 
      with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and multi-episode schizophrenia (MES). The 
      subjects were 14-30 years old and were recruited at Zikei Hospital, Okayama, 
      Japan from December 1, 2006 to December 1, 2011. Treatment was carried out in a 
      natural setting in an open-label format, but clinical evaluation was performed 
      blind. The clinical rating scales include the Global Assessment of Functioning 
      (GAF), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Clinical Global 
      Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S). RESULTS: UHR (n = 17), FES (n = 23), and MES 
      (n = 21) patients all showed significant improvements on the GAF, PANSS, and 
      CGI-S. However, the UHR patients showed significantly greater improvement on the 
      GAF at weeks 4, 8, and 12 compared to the other groups, and a significantly lower 
      modal dose of SGAs (chlorpromazine equivalent: 183 [201.1] mg/day, mean [SD]) was 
      needed for improvement in the UHR group. Each group was also prescribed 
      anticholinergic agents during the study period and the UHR group had 
      significantly fewer extrapyramidal symptoms (only 6%) compared with the FES 
      group. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that UHR patients have a better response 
      to SGAs compared to patients with schizophrenia, and that these drugs can be 
      given safely by minimizing the dosage of SGAs and using anticholinergic agents.
FAU - Washida, Kenji
AU  - Washida K
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical Graduate School, Kurashiki, Japan ; 
      Zikei Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
FAU - Takeda, Toshihiko
AU  - Takeda T
FAU - Habara, Toshiaki
AU  - Habara T
FAU - Sato, Soichiro
AU  - Sato S
FAU - Oka, Takuro
AU  - Oka T
FAU - Tanaka, Masuo
AU  - Tanaka M
FAU - Yoshimura, Yusaku
AU  - Yoshimura Y
FAU - Aoki, Shozo
AU  - Aoki S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130619
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
JT  - Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment
JID - 101240304
PMC - PMC3693825
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - schizophrenia
OT  - second-generation antipsychotics
OT  - ultra-high risk
EDAT- 2013/07/03 06:00
MHDA- 2013/07/03 06:01
PMCR- 2013/06/19
CRDT- 2013/07/03 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/07/03 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/06/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ndt-9-861 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/NDT.S45697 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2013;9:861-8. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S45697. Epub 2013 Jun 
      19.