PMID- 23841087 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20131231 LR - 20220331 IS - 2314-6141 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6133 (Print) VI - 2013 DP - 2013 TI - HLA-G/C, miRNAs, and their role in HIV infection and replication. PG - 693643 LID - 10.1155/2013/693643 [doi] LID - 693643 AB - In recent years, a number of different mechanisms regulating gene expressions, either in normal or in pathological conditions, have been discovered. This review aims to highlight some of the regulatory pathways involved during the HIV-1 infection and disease progression, focusing on the novel discovered microRNAs (miRNAs) and their relation with immune system's agents. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) family of proteins plays a key role because it is a crucial modulator of the immune response; here we will examine recent findings, centering especially on HLA-C and -G, novel players lately discovered to engage in modulation of immune system. We hope to provide novel perspectives useful to find out original therapeutic roads against HIV-1 infection and AIDS progression. FAU - Celsi, Fulvio AU - Celsi F AD - Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, 34137 Trieste, Italy. celsi@burlo.trieste.it FAU - Catamo, Eulalia AU - Catamo E FAU - Kleiner, Giulio AU - Kleiner G FAU - Tricarico, Paola Maura AU - Tricarico PM FAU - Vuch, Josef AU - Vuch J FAU - Crovella, Sergio AU - Crovella S LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20130613 PL - United States TA - Biomed Res Int JT - BioMed research international JID - 101600173 RN - 0 (HLA-C Antigens) RN - 0 (HLA-G Antigens) RN - 0 (MicroRNAs) SB - IM MH - Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/genetics/virology MH - Disease Progression MH - HIV Infections/*genetics/pathology/virology MH - HIV-1/genetics/pathogenicity MH - HLA-C Antigens/*genetics MH - HLA-G Antigens/*genetics MH - Humans MH - Immune System/pathology/virology MH - MicroRNAs/*genetics PMC - PMC3697138 EDAT- 2013/07/11 06:00 MHDA- 2014/01/01 06:00 PMCR- 2013/06/13 CRDT- 2013/07/11 06:00 PHST- 2013/03/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/05/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2013/05/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/07/11 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/07/11 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/01/01 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2013/06/13 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2013/693643 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:693643. doi: 10.1155/2013/693643. Epub 2013 Jun 13.