PMID- 23848551
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140225
LR  - 20130802
IS  - 1601-183X (Electronic)
IS  - 1601-183X (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 Aug
TI  - Acquisition of response thresholds for timed performance is regulated by a 
      calcium-responsive transcription factor, CaRF.
PG  - 633-44
LID - 10.1111/gbb.12059 [doi]
AB  - Interval timing within the seconds-to-minutes range involves the interaction of 
      the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia via dopaminergic-glutamatergic pathways. 
      Because the secreted protein brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is able to 
      modulate dopamine release as well as glutamatergic activity, we hypothesized that 
      BDNF may be important for these timing mechanisms. Recently, the 
      calcium-responsive transcription factor (CaRF) was identified as an important 
      modulator of BDNF expression in the cerebral cortex. In this study, a strain of 
      Carf knockout mice was evaluated for their ability to acquire the 'Start' and 
      'Stop' response thresholds under sequential and simultaneous training conditions, 
      using multiple (15-second and 45-second) or single (30-second) target durations 
      in the peak-interval procedure. Both Carf(+/-) and Carf(-/-) mice were impaired 
      in their ability to acquire timed response thresholds relative to Carf(+/+) mice. 
      Additionally, control mice given microinjections of BDNF antisense 
      oligodeoxynucleotide to inhibit protein expression in the prefrontal cortex 
      showed timing impairments during acquisition similar to Carf mice. Together, 
      these results suggest that the inhibitory processes required to update response 
      thresholds and exert temporal control of behavior during acquisition may be 
      dependent on CaRF regulation of genes including Bdnf in cortico-striatal 
      circuits.
CI  - (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and International Behavioural and Neural Genetics 
      Society.
FAU - Agostino, P V
AU  - Agostino PV
AD  - Laboratory of Chronobiology, Department of Science and Technology, National 
      University of Quilmes, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
FAU - Cheng, R-K
AU  - Cheng RK
FAU - Williams, C L
AU  - Williams CL
FAU - West, A E
AU  - West AE
FAU - Meck, W H
AU  - Meck WH
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130712
PL  - England
TA  - Genes Brain Behav
JT  - Genes, brain, and behavior
JID - 101129617
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Carf protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Conditioning, Classical
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Mice, Knockout
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism/physiology
MH  - *Reaction Time
MH  - *Time Perception
MH  - Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Calcium-responsive transcription factor
OT  - GABA
OT  - cortico-striatal circuits
OT  - dopamine
OT  - glutamate
OT  - interval timing
OT  - time perception
EDAT- 2013/07/16 06:00
MHDA- 2014/02/26 06:00
CRDT- 2013/07/16 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/05/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/06/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/02/26 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1111/gbb.12059 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Genes Brain Behav. 2013 Aug;12(6):633-44. doi: 10.1111/gbb.12059. Epub 2013 Jul 
      12.