PMID- 23850767
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140317
LR  - 20130819
IS  - 1872-6240 (Electronic)
IS  - 0006-8993 (Linking)
VI  - 1529
DP  - 2013 Sep 5
TI  - Repeated blast exposure alters open field behavior recorded under low 
      illumination.
PG  - 125-33
LID - S0006-8993(13)00928-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.06.042 [doi]
AB  - Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) can have devastating behavioral 
      consequences. This study was designed to evaluate the behavioral consequences of 
      single or repeated bTBI, as evaluated by an open field (OF) test conducted in 
      near-darkness to avoid confounding effects of illumination and photophobia. 
      Sprague-Dawley rats under isoflurane anesthesia were exposed to a series of 3 
      sub-lethal blasts into a compressed air-driven blast chamber separated by 2 week 
      intervals (n=11). Sham controls received anesthesia but without blast exposure 
      (n=11). OF tests were performed 1 or 7 days after each blast using a computerized 
      video tracking system in near-darkness to monitor spontaneous activity. Spatial 
      and temporal variables calculated for both blast and sham groups were: Distance 
      moved (cm) and time (s) spent in the center or periphery zones of the field, 
      total distance traveled, speed in center and periphery zones, rearing events and 
      non-linear regressions of distance moved and rearing events on time. Results 
      showed that the sham group expressed the expected decrease (habituation) in total 
      distance walked, and distance walked as well as speed in center and periphery in 
      successive exposures to the OF while the blast group did not, a sign of impaired 
      learning. The blast group also walked more and faster and demonstrated more 
      rearing behavior, both considered OF signs of anxiety. These results indicate 
      that OF outcomes of bTBI in animals have resemblance to alterations observed in 
      human subjects with this condition and might be useful in evaluating the response 
      of behavioral outcomes of bTBI to experimental treatments.
CI  - Published by Elsevier B.V.
FAU - Huang, Emerald
AU  - Huang E
AD  - UCLA/VA Multi-campus Residency Program, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
FAU - Ngo, Mai
AU  - Ngo M
FAU - Yee, Stuart
AU  - Yee S
FAU - Held, Laura
AU  - Held L
FAU - Norman, Keith
AU  - Norman K
FAU - Scremin, A M Erika
AU  - Scremin AM
FAU - Scremin, Oscar
AU  - Scremin O
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20130711
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Brain Res
JT  - Brain research
JID - 0045503
SB  - IM
MH  - Analysis of Variance
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain Injuries/*complications
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Exploratory Behavior/*physiology
MH  - *Lighting
MH  - Locomotion
MH  - Mental Disorders/*etiology
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Time Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Blast injury
OT  - Brain injury
OT  - Rat
EDAT- 2013/07/16 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/19 06:00
CRDT- 2013/07/16 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/06/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/06/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0006-8993(13)00928-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.06.042 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Brain Res. 2013 Sep 5;1529:125-33. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.06.042. Epub 2013 
      Jul 11.