PMID- 23853258 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140623 LR - 20221222 IS - 1940-9990 (Electronic) IS - 1932-4545 (Print) IS - 1932-4545 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 6 DP - 2012 Dec TI - A wireless magnetoresistive sensing system for an intraoral tongue-computer interface. PG - 571-85 LID - 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2227962 [doi] AB - Tongue drive system (TDS) is a tongue-operated, minimally invasive, unobtrusive, and wireless assistive technology (AT) that infers users' intentions by detecting their voluntary tongue motion and translating them into user-defined commands. Here we present the new intraoral version of the TDS (iTDS), which has been implemented in the form of a dental retainer. The iTDS system-on-a-chip (SoC) features a configurable analog front-end (AFE) that reads the magnetic field variations inside the mouth from four 3-axial magnetoresistive sensors located at four corners of the iTDS printed circuit board (PCB). A dual-band transmitter (Tx) on the same chip operates at 27 and 432 MHz in the Industrial/Scientific/Medical (ISM) band to allow users to switch in the presence of external interference. The Tx streams the digitized samples to a custom-designed TDS universal interface, built from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, which delivers the iTDS data to other devices such as smartphones, personal computers (PC), and powered wheelchairs (PWC). Another key block on the iTDS SoC is the power management integrated circuit (PMIC), which provides individually regulated and duty-cycled 1.8 V supplies for sensors, AFE, Tx, and digital control blocks. The PMIC also charges a 50 mAh Li-ion battery with constant current up to 4.2 V, and recovers data and clock to update its configuration register through a 13.56 MHz inductive link. The iTDS SoC has been implemented in a 0.5-mum standard CMOS process and consumes 3.7 mW on average. FAU - Park, Hangue AU - Park H AD - GT-Bionics Lab, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, GeorgiaInstitute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0250, USA. FAU - Kiani, Mehdi AU - Kiani M FAU - Lee, Hyung-Min AU - Lee HM FAU - Kim, Jeonghee AU - Kim J FAU - Block, Jacob AU - Block J FAU - Gosselin, Benoit AU - Gosselin B FAU - Ghovanloo, Maysam AU - Ghovanloo M LA - eng GR - RC1 EB010915/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States GR - 1RC1EB010915/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/United States PT - Evaluation Study PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural PT - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. PL - United States TA - IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst JT - IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systems JID - 101312520 SB - IM MH - Biomedical Engineering/instrumentation MH - Equipment Design MH - Humans MH - Magnetic Phenomena MH - *Self-Help Devices MH - Spinal Cord Injuries/physiopathology/rehabilitation MH - Telemetry/instrumentation MH - Tongue/*physiology MH - *User-Computer Interface MH - Wireless Technology/instrumentation PMC - PMC4445236 MID - NIHMS553442 EDAT- 2013/07/16 06:00 MHDA- 2014/06/24 06:00 PMCR- 2015/05/27 CRDT- 2013/07/16 06:00 PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/07/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/06/24 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2015/05/27 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2227962 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst. 2012 Dec;6(6):571-85. doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2012.2227962.