PMID- 23872331
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140303
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1095-6808 (Electronic)
IS  - 0091-3022 (Print)
IS  - 0091-3022 (Linking)
VI  - 34
IP  - 3
DP  - 2013 Aug
TI  - Modulation of body temperature and LH secretion by hypothalamic KNDy (kisspeptin, 
      neurokinin B and dynorphin) neurons: a novel hypothesis on the mechanism of hot 
      flushes.
PG  - 211-27
LID - S0091-3022(13)00037-X [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.003 [doi]
AB  - Despite affecting millions of individuals, the etiology of hot flushes remains 
      unknown. Here we review the physiology of hot flushes, CNS pathways regulating 
      heat-dissipation effectors, and effects of estrogen on thermoregulation in animal 
      models. Based on the marked changes in hypothalamic kisspeptin, neurokinin B and 
      dynorphin (KNDy) neurons in postmenopausal women, we hypothesize that KNDy 
      neurons play a role in the mechanism of flushes. In the rat, KNDy neurons project 
      to preoptic thermoregulatory areas that express the neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R), 
      the primary receptor for NKB. Furthermore, activation of NK(3)R in the median 
      preoptic nucleus, part of the heat-defense pathway, reduces body temperature. 
      Finally, ablation of KNDy neurons reduces cutaneous vasodilatation and partially 
      blocks the effects of estrogen on thermoregulation. These data suggest that 
      arcuate KNDy neurons relay estrogen signals to preoptic structures regulating 
      heat-dissipation effectors, supporting the hypothesis that KNDy neurons 
      participate in the generation of flushes.
CI  - Published by Elsevier Inc.
FAU - Rance, Naomi E
AU  - Rance NE
AD  - Department of Pathology and the Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Research Institute, 
      University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA. 
      nrance@email.arizona.edu
FAU - Dacks, Penny A
AU  - Dacks PA
FAU - Mittelman-Smith, Melinda A
AU  - Mittelman-Smith MA
FAU - Romanovsky, Andrej A
AU  - Romanovsky AA
FAU - Krajewski-Hall, Sally J
AU  - Krajewski-Hall SJ
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AG032315/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS041233/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 NS41233/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130717
PL  - United States
TA  - Front Neuroendocrinol
JT  - Frontiers in neuroendocrinology
JID - 7513292
RN  - 0 (Kisspeptins)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Neurokinin-3)
RN  - 4TI98Z838E (Estradiol)
RN  - 74913-18-1 (Dynorphins)
RN  - 86933-75-7 (Neurokinin B)
RN  - 9002-67-9 (Luteinizing Hormone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Body Temperature Regulation/drug effects/*physiology
MH  - Dynorphins/*physiology
MH  - Estradiol/pharmacology
MH  - Estrous Cycle/drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Hot Flashes/*physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypothalamus/*metabolism
MH  - Kisspeptins/*physiology
MH  - Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism
MH  - Models, Biological
MH  - Neurokinin B/*physiology
MH  - Neurons/physiology
MH  - Ovariectomy
MH  - Postmenopause/physiology
MH  - Preoptic Area/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Receptors, Neurokinin-3/metabolism
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Skin/blood supply
MH  - Tail/blood supply
MH  - Vasodilation
PMC - PMC3833827
MID - NIHMS507337
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Estrogen
OT  - GnRH
OT  - LH
OT  - Menopause
OT  - Reproduction
OT  - Thermoregulation
EDAT- 2013/07/23 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/04 06:00
PMCR- 2014/08/01
CRDT- 2013/07/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/01 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/07/09 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/07/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/07/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0091-3022(13)00037-X [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Front Neuroendocrinol. 2013 Aug;34(3):211-27. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2013.07.003. 
      Epub 2013 Jul 17.