PMID- 23873577
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141105
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1476-3524 (Electronic)
IS  - 1029-8428 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 3
DP  - 2014 Apr
TI  - Foraging activity is reduced in a mouse model of depression.
PG  - 235-47
LID - 10.1007/s12640-013-9411-6 [doi]
AB  - Depression interferes with the human ability to make decisions. Multiple criteria 
      have been adopted for the diagnosis of depression in humans, but no clear 
      indicators are available in animal models to reflect the depressive mood, 
      involving higher cognitive functions. The act of foraging is a species-specific 
      behaviour which is believed to involve the decision-making and higher cognitive 
      functions. We previously established a method to detect the foraging behaviour of 
      rodents, in which our results demonstrated that NMDA and dopamine receptors were 
      involved. Conversely, increased NMDA receptors and reduced dopamine have been 
      reported in depression model rodents. However, we hypothesise that foraging 
      activities may also be impaired in depression. To test the theory, we 
      successfully established a mouse model of depression using the chronic 
      unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) paradigm. Most interestingly, the food foraging 
      activity of mice after CUMS was significantly reduced. In addition, the treatment 
      of anti-depressant fluoxetine reversed most depressive symptoms and reduced glial 
      fibrillary associated protein (GFAP) expression in the hippocampus, but was less 
      effective in the reduction of foraging activities. However, clozapine reversed 
      all symptoms of CUMS-exposed mice including reduction of GFAP expression in the 
      hippocampus and impaired foraging activity. Our findings of GFAP expression as a 
      marker to validate the CUMS protocol provide further validation of our 
      hypothesis, that the reduced food foraging is probably a new behavioural finding 
      of depression in which the serotoninergic system could not be singly involved. 
      Our study suggests that NMDA receptors, serotoninergic and dopaminergic systems 
      are differentially involved in these food foraging behaviours. Our data suggest 
      that the foraging test in rodents can be a useful tool to assess the ability of 
      decision-making in depression.
FAU - Yang, C R
AU  - Yang CR
AD  - Yunnan Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells, Institute of 
      Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 
      People's Republic of China.
FAU - Zhang, Z G
AU  - Zhang ZG
FAU - Bai, Y Y
AU  - Bai YY
FAU - Zhou, H Fiona
AU  - Zhou HF
FAU - Zhou, L
AU  - Zhou L
FAU - Ruan, C S
AU  - Ruan CS
FAU - Li, F
AU  - Li F
FAU - Li, C Q
AU  - Li CQ
FAU - Zheng, H Y
AU  - Zheng HY
FAU - Shen, L J
AU  - Shen LJ
FAU - Zhou, X F
AU  - Zhou XF
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130720
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurotox Res
JT  - Neurotoxicity research
JID - 100929017
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 01K63SUP8D (Fluoxetine)
RN  - J60AR2IKIC (Clozapine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - *Appetitive Behavior/drug effects
MH  - Body Weight
MH  - Cerebral Cortex/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Chronic Disease
MH  - Clozapine/*pharmacology
MH  - Depressive Disorder/drug therapy/*metabolism
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Exploratory Behavior/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Feeding Behavior/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Fluoxetine/*pharmacology
MH  - Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein/metabolism
MH  - Hippocampus/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Stress, Psychological
EDAT- 2013/07/23 06:00
MHDA- 2014/11/06 06:00
CRDT- 2013/07/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/04/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/06/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/06/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/07/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/07/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/11/06 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s12640-013-9411-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurotox Res. 2014 Apr;25(3):235-47. doi: 10.1007/s12640-013-9411-6. Epub 2013 
      Jul 20.