PMID- 23899931
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140911
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1618-131X (Electronic)
IS  - 1438-4639 (Linking)
VI  - 217
IP  - 2-3
DP  - 2014 Mar
TI  - Urinary concentrations of dichlorophenol pesticides and obesity among adult 
      participants in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 
      (NHANES) 2005-2008.
PG  - 294-9
LID - S1438-4639(13)00096-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.07.003 [doi]
AB  - Accumulating evidence from recent studies has suggested a possible link between 
      exposure to environmental pesticides and obesity. In this study, we assessed the 
      potential associations between exposure to dichlorophenol pesticides and obesity 
      in adults. Study participants aged 20-85 years were selected from the 2005 to 
      2006 and 2007 to 2008 U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and 
      were categorized as obese and non-obese based on body mass index. 
      Creatinine-corrected urinary concentrations of dichlorophenols were determined to 
      assess level of exposure to environmental pesticides. Multivariate logistic 
      regression was performed using SAS 9.3 to assess the association between 
      2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP) levels in urine and 
      obesity with adjustment for potential confounders. Significantly higher geometric 
      means of urinary concentrations of both 2,5-DCP (p<0.0001) and 2,4-DCP (p=0.0170) 
      were seen in obese adults, compared to that in non-obese adults. A dose-dependent 
      increase in the prevalence of obesity was observed in the study participants 
      across increasing levels of urinary 2,5-DCP (p-trend<0.0001). Urinary 
      concentrations of 2,5-DCP were significantly associated with obesity among the 
      second (AOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.93), third (AOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.87), 
      and fourth (AOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.17) inter-quartiles after adjustment for 
      age, gender, race, education, total fat intake, and physical activity. A 
      statistically significant association was not seen between urinary 2,4-DCP and 
      obesity. Our findings suggest a potential relationship between exposure to the 
      fumigant insecticide paradichlorobenzene, measured as urinary concentrations of 
      2,5-DCP, and obesity in adults. Because we cannot rule out the possibility of 
      reverse causality in our study, prospective studies measuring exposure during 
      etiologically relevant periods are warranted.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wei, Yudan
AU  - Wei Y
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA 
      31207, USA. Electronic address: wei_yd@mercer.edu.
FAU - Zhu, Jianmin
AU  - Zhu J
AD  - Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fort Valley State University, 
      Fort Valley, GA 31030, USA.
FAU - Nguyen, An
AU  - Nguyen A
AD  - Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, GA 
      31207, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130708
PL  - Germany
TA  - Int J Hyg Environ Health
JT  - International journal of hygiene and environmental health
JID - 100898843
RN  - 0 (Chlorophenols)
RN  - 0 (Insecticides)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 3B11G9AKBA (2,5-dichlorophenol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - *Body Mass Index
MH  - Chlorophenols/adverse effects/*urine
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insecticides/adverse effects/*urine
MH  - Logistic Models
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Multivariate Analysis
MH  - Nutrition Surveys
MH  - Obesity/etiology/*urine
MH  - Pesticides/*urine
MH  - United States
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adults
OT  - BMI
OT  - Dichlorophenols
OT  - Obesity
OT  - Pesticide
EDAT- 2013/08/01 06:00
MHDA- 2014/09/12 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/01 06:00
PHST- 2012/10/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/06/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/07/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/09/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1438-4639(13)00096-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.07.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2014 Mar;217(2-3):294-9. doi: 
      10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.07.003. Epub 2013 Jul 8.