PMID- 23916320
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140314
LR  - 20130819
IS  - 1879-0046 (Electronic)
IS  - 0376-8716 (Linking)
VI  - 132
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 2013 Sep 1
TI  - Clinical and pharmacological aspects of bath salt use: a review of the literature 
      and case reports.
PG  - 1-12
LID - S0376-8716(13)00235-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016 [doi]
AB  - Bath salts are designer drugs with stimulant properties that are a growing 
      medical and psychiatric concern due to their widespread availability and use. 
      Although the chemical compounds in the mixtures referred to as "bath salts" vary, 
      many are derivatives of cathinone, a monoamine alkaloid. Cathinones have an 
      affinity for dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine synapses in the brain. 
      Because of the strong selection for these neurotransmitters, these drugs induce 
      stimulating effects similar to those of methamphetamines, cocaine, and 
      3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA). Much of the emerging information 
      about bath salts is from emergency department evaluation and treatment of severe 
      medical and neuropsychiatric adverse outcomes. This review consists of a 
      compilation of case reports and describes the emergent literature that 
      illustrates the chemical composition of bath salts, patterns of use, 
      administration methods, medical and neuropsychiatric effects, and treatments of 
      patients with bath salt toxicity.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Miotto, Karen
AU  - Miotto K
AD  - David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Semel Institute of Neuroscience and 
      Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States. 
      kmiotto@mednet.ucla.edu
FAU - Striebel, Joan
AU  - Striebel J
FAU - Cho, Arthur K
AU  - Cho AK
FAU - Wang, Christine
AU  - Wang C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130801
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Drug Alcohol Depend
JT  - Drug and alcohol dependence
JID - 7513587
RN  - 0 (Alkaloids)
RN  - 0 (Central Nervous System Stimulants)
RN  - 0 (Designer Drugs)
RN  - 540EI4406J (cathinone)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - *Alkaloids/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/poisoning/toxicity
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain Chemistry/drug effects
MH  - *Central Nervous System 
      Stimulants/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/poisoning/toxicity
MH  - *Designer Drugs/chemistry/pharmacokinetics/pharmacology/poisoning/toxicity
MH  - Drug Overdose/epidemiology/mortality/psychology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Substance Withdrawal Syndrome/psychology
MH  - Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology/*psychology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bath salts
OT  - Cathinone
OT  - Hallucinations
OT  - Psychosis
OT  - Stimulant
OT  - Tachycardic
EDAT- 2013/08/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/15 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/07 06:00
PHST- 2012/12/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/04/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/06/20 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0376-8716(13)00235-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Sep 1;132(1-2):1-12. doi: 
      10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.06.016. Epub 2013 Aug 1.