PMID- 23919530
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140512
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1944-0057 (Electronic)
IS  - 1944-0057 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 10
DP  - 2013
TI  - Brominated and fluorinated organic pollutants in the breast milk of first-time 
      Irish mothers: is there a relationship to levels in food?
PG  - 1788-98
LID - 10.1080/19440049.2013.822569 [doi]
AB  - Brominated flame retardants - polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), 
      polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) and others - have 
      been measured in 11 pooled breast milk samples from 109 first-time mothers in 
      Ireland. Additionally, the study has measured levels of polybrominated 
      dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PBDD/Fs), mixed halogenated dioxins (PXCC/Fs) and 
      biphenyls (PXBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and perfluoroalkylated 
      substances (PFAS) in these samples. The mean sum of 19 PBDEs including BDE-209 
      was 4.85 ng g(-1) fat, which is comparable with that found in other European 
      countries. BDE-47, BDE-153, BDE-209, BDE-99 and BDE-100 were found at the highest 
      concentrations. The only PBBs detected consistently were BB-77, BB-126 and 
      BB-153, with highest concentrations being found for BB-153 (mean = 0.13 ng g(-1) 
      fat). The mean sum of HBCD enantiomers was 3.52 ng g(-1) fat, with alpha-HBCD 
      representing over 70% of the total. Of the other brominated flame retardants - 
      tetrabromobisphenol-A (TBBP-A), hexabromobenzene (HBB), decabromodiphenylethane 
      (DBDPE) and bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxyethane) (BTBPE) - examined, only TBBP-A was 
      detected above the limit of detection (LOD), in two of the 11 pools analysed. All 
      measured PBDF congeners were observed (at 0.02-0.91 pg g(-1) fat), but 
      2,3,7,8-tetrabromo-dibenzodioxin (TeBDD) was the only PBDD detected, with a mean 
      concentration of 0.09 pg g(-1) fat. The occurrence of the mixed 
      chlorinated/brominated dibenzodioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls, 
      2-B-3,7,8-CDD, 2,3-B-7,8-CDF, 4-B-2,3,7,8-CDF, PXB 105, PXB 118, PXB 126 and PCB 
      156 in breast milk in the current study may indicate that levels of these 
      contaminants are increasing in the environment. Polychlorinated naphthalenes were 
      detected in all samples, but not perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and other PFAS. 
      The pattern of occurrence of these brominated and fluorinated persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in Irish breast milk shows a general relationship to their 
      occurrence in food, as reported in a number of surveillance studies carried out 
      by the Food Safety Authority of Ireland.
FAU - Pratt, Iona
AU  - Pratt I
AD  - a Food Science and Standards Division , Food Safety Authority of Ireland , Dublin 
      1 , Ireland.
FAU - Anderson, Wayne
AU  - Anderson W
FAU - Crowley, Dominique
AU  - Crowley D
FAU - Daly, Sean
AU  - Daly S
FAU - Evans, Rhodri
AU  - Evans R
FAU - Fernandes, Alwyn
AU  - Fernandes A
FAU - Fitzgerald, Margaret
AU  - Fitzgerald M
FAU - Geary, Michael
AU  - Geary M
FAU - Keane, Declan
AU  - Keane D
FAU - Morrison, John J
AU  - Morrison JJ
FAU - Reilly, Alan
AU  - Reilly A
FAU - Tlustos, Christina
AU  - Tlustos C
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130806
PL  - England
TA  - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess
JT  - Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & 
      risk assessment
JID - 101485040
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Flame Retardants)
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Brominated)
RN  - 0 (Polybrominated Biphenyls)
RN  - 5I9835JO3M (hexabromocyclododecane)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Flame Retardants/adverse effects/*analysis
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Halogenation
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Brominated/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Ireland
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Milk, Human/*chemistry
MH  - Polybrominated Biphenyls/analysis
EDAT- 2013/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/13 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1080/19440049.2013.822569 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2013;30(10):1788-98. 
      doi: 10.1080/19440049.2013.822569. Epub 2013 Aug 6.