PMID- 23922402
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140429
LR  - 20220129
IS  - 1534-7796 (Electronic)
IS  - 0033-3174 (Linking)
VI  - 75
IP  - 8
DP  - 2013 Oct
TI  - Comparison of depressive symptoms in type 2 diabetes using a two-stage survey 
      design.
PG  - 791-7
LID - 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182a2b108 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: To test the validity of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) in 
      adults with newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compare the 
      distribution of PHQ-9 items in those with and without Diagnostic and Statistical 
      Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) depression. METHODS: A 
      two-stage survey design was used in primary care centers (n = 96). In Stage 1, 
      participants were administered the PHQ-9 and biopsychosocial measures. In Stage 
      2, PHQ-9 positives (score >/= 10) and randomly selected PHQ-9 negatives (score <10) 
      had a diagnostic interview, Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry 
      2.1. The sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics of the 
      PHQ-9 were calculated. The means of PHQ-9 items were compared. RESULTS: Stage 1: 
      Prevalence of PHQ-9 positives (completing Stage 2) was 12.1% (n = 182). PHQ-9 
      positives were younger (mean [standard deviation] age = 52.8 [9.47] versus 56.2 
      [11.50] years, p < .001) and had higher body mass index (32.7 [7.08] versus 31.6 
      [6.25] kg/m(2), p = .028) than PHQ-9 negatives (n = 1278). Stage 2: Prevalence of 
      DSM-IV depression was 5.6% (n = 84). The optimal cutoff was >/= 12 (sensitivity = 
      86.9%, specificity = 80.3%). PHQ-9 true positives scored significantly higher 
      than PHQ-9 false positives on all items, excluding sleep (mean [standard 
      deviation] score = 2.4 [0.98] versus 2.2 [1.06]), fatigue (2.5 [0.80] versus 2.3 
      [0.86]), and appetite (1.6 [1.23] versus 1.5 [1.26]). CONCLUSIONS: 
      Over-identification of depression by PHQ-9 in T2DM may be driven by presence of 
      symptoms in keeping with an organic origin.
FAU - Twist, Katherine
AU  - Twist K
AD  - Division of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, Western Education 
      Centre, 10 Cutcombe Road, SE5 9RJ, London, UK. Katherine.twist@kcl.ac.uk.
FAU - Stahl, Daniel
AU  - Stahl D
FAU - Amiel, Stephanie A
AU  - Amiel SA
FAU - Thomas, Stephen
AU  - Thomas S
FAU - Winkley, Kirsty
AU  - Winkley K
FAU - Ismail, Khalida
AU  - Ismail K
LA  - eng
GR  - MR/J006742/1/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
GR  - RP-PG-0606-1142/DH_/Department of Health/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20130806
PL  - United States
TA  - Psychosom Med
JT  - Psychosomatic medicine
JID - 0376505
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Depressive Disorder/diagnosis/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology/psychology
MH  - Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
MH  - False Positive Reactions
MH  - Female
MH  - Health Surveys/methods
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interview, Psychological
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - *Primary Health Care
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Severity of Illness Index
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires/*standards
MH  - United Kingdom/epidemiology
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - depression and affective disorders
OT  - diabetes mellitus
OT  - epidemiology
OT  - primary care
OT  - psychological measurement
OT  - self-report screening tools
EDAT- 2013/08/08 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/30 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/08 06:00
PHST- 2013/08/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - PSY.0b013e3182a2b108 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182a2b108 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Psychosom Med. 2013 Oct;75(8):791-7. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3182a2b108. Epub 2013 
      Aug 6.