PMID- 23936157
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140401
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 7
DP  - 2013
TI  - Population structure of mixed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection is strain 
      genotype and culture medium dependent.
PG  - e70178
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0070178 [doi]
LID - e70178
AB  - BACKGROUND: Molecular genotyping methods have shown infection with more than one 
      Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain genotype in a single sputum culture, indicating 
      mixed infection. AIM: This study aimed to develop a PCR-based genotyping tool to 
      determine the population structure of M. tuberculosis strain genotypes in primary 
      Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tubes (MGIT) and Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) cultures 
      to identify mixed infections and to establish whether the growth media influenced 
      the recovery of certain strain genotypes. METHOD: A convenience sample of 206 
      paired MGIT and LJ M. tuberculosis cultures from pulmonary tuberculosis patients 
      resident in Khayelitsha, South Africa were genotyped using an in-house PCR-based 
      method to detect defined M. tuberculosis strain genotypes. RESULTS: The 
      sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-based method for detecting Beijing, 
      Haarlem, S-family, and LAM genotypes was 100%, and 75% and 50% for detecting the 
      Low Copy Clade, respectively. Thirty-one (15%) of the 206 cases showed the 
      presence of more than one M. tuberculosis strain genotype. Strains of the Beijing 
      and Haarlem genotypes were significantly more associated with a mixed infection 
      (on both media) when compared to infections with a single strain (Beijing MGIT 
      p = 0.02; LJ, p<0.01) and (Haarlem: MGIT p<0.01; LJ, p = 0.01). Strains with the 
      Beijing genotype were less likely to be with "other genotype" strains (p<0.01) 
      while LAM, Haarlem, S-family and LCC occurred independently with the Beijing 
      genotype. CONCLUSION: The PCR-based method was able to identify mixed infection 
      in at least 15% of the cases. LJ media was more sensitive in detecting mixed 
      infections than MGIT media, implying that the growth characteristics of M. 
      tuberculosis on different media may influence our ability to detect mixed 
      infections. The Beijing and Haarlem genotypes were more likely to occur in a 
      mixed infection than any of the other genotypes tested suggesting 
      pathogen-pathogen compatibility.
FAU - Hanekom, Madeleine
AU  - Hanekom M
AD  - Division of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tygerberg, 
      Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa. 
      hanekom@sun.ac.za
FAU - Streicher, Elizabeth M
AU  - Streicher EM
FAU - Van de Berg, Doreen
AU  - Van de Berg D
FAU - Cox, Helen
AU  - Cox H
FAU - McDermid, Cheryl
AU  - McDermid C
FAU - Bosman, Marlein
AU  - Bosman M
FAU - Gey van Pittius, Nicolaas C
AU  - Gey van Pittius NC
FAU - Victor, Tommie C
AU  - Victor TC
FAU - Kidd, Martin
AU  - Kidd M
FAU - van Soolingen, Dick
AU  - van Soolingen D
FAU - van Helden, Paul D
AU  - van Helden PD
FAU - Warren, Robin M
AU  - Warren RM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130730
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Culture Media)
SB  - IM
MH  - Coinfection
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Culture Media
MH  - *Genotype
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/*genetics/growth & development
MH  - Polymerase Chain Reaction
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Sputum/microbiology
MH  - Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis/*microbiology
PMC - PMC3728311
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2013/08/13 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/02 06:00
PMCR- 2013/07/30
CRDT- 2013/08/13 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/06/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/07/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-12974 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0070178 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2013 Jul 30;8(7):e70178. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070178. Print 2013.