PMID- 23949198
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140328
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1573-6903 (Electronic)
IS  - 0364-3190 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 10
DP  - 2013 Oct
TI  - Bacopa monnieri ameliorates memory deficits in olfactory bulbectomized mice: 
      possible involvement of glutamatergic and cholinergic systems.
PG  - 2201-15
LID - 10.1007/s11064-013-1129-6 [doi]
AB  - This study investigated the effects of alcoholic extract of Bacopa monnieri (L.) 
      Wettst. (BM) on cognitive deficits using olfactory bulbectomized (OBX) mice and 
      the underlying molecular mechanisms of its action. OBX mice were treated daily 
      with BM (50 mg/kg, p.o.) or a reference drug, tacrine (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.), 1 week 
      before and continuously 3 days after OBX. Cognitive performance of the animals 
      was analyzed by the novel object recognition test, modified Y maze test, and fear 
      conditioning test. Brain tissues of OBX animals were used for neurochemical and 
      immunohistochemical studies. OBX impaired non-spatial short-term memory, spatial 
      working memory, and long-term fair memory. BM administration ameliorated these 
      memory disturbances. The effect of BM on short-term memory deficits was abolished 
      by a muscarinic receptor antagonist, scopolamine. OBX downregulated 
      phosphorylation of synaptic plasticity-related signaling proteins: NR1 subunit of 
      N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1), and 
      calmodulin-dependent kinase II but not cyclic AMP-responsive element binding 
      protein (CREB), and reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA in the 
      hippocampus. OBX also reduced choline acetyltransferase in the hippocampus and 
      cholinergic neurons in the medial septum, and enlarged the size of lateral 
      ventricle. BM administration reversed these OBX-induced neurochemical and 
      histological alterations, except the decrease of GluR1 phosphorylation, and 
      enhanced CREB phosphorylation. Moreover, BM treatment inhibited ex vivo activity 
      of acetylcholinesterase in the brain. These results indicate that BM treatment 
      ameliorates OBX-induced cognition dysfunction via a mechanism involving 
      enhancement of synaptic plasticity-related signaling and BDNF transcription and 
      protection of cholinergic systems from OBX-induced neuronal damage.
FAU - Le, Xoan Thi
AU  - Le XT
AD  - Division of Medicinal Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of 
      Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
FAU - Pham, Hang Thi Nguyet
AU  - Pham HT
FAU - Do, Phuong Thi
AU  - Do PT
FAU - Fujiwara, Hironori
AU  - Fujiwara H
FAU - Tanaka, Ken
AU  - Tanaka K
FAU - Li, Feng
AU  - Li F
FAU - Van Nguyen, Tai
AU  - Van Nguyen T
FAU - Nguyen, Khoi Minh
AU  - Nguyen KM
FAU - Matsumoto, Kinzo
AU  - Matsumoto K
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130815
PL  - United States
TA  - Neurochem Res
JT  - Neurochemical research
JID - 7613461
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - DL48G20X8X (Scopolamine)
RN  - EC 2.3.1.6 (Choline O-Acetyltransferase)
RN  - EC 3.1.1.7 (Acetylcholinesterase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism
MH  - Acoustic Stimulation
MH  - Animals
MH  - Bacopa/*chemistry
MH  - Choline O-Acetyltransferase/biosynthesis/metabolism
MH  - Fear
MH  - Male
MH  - Maze Learning/drug effects
MH  - Memory Disorders/*drug therapy
MH  - Mice
MH  - Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects
MH  - Olfactory Bulb/*physiology
MH  - Phytotherapy
MH  - Plant Extracts/*therapeutic use
MH  - Scopolamine/pharmacology
MH  - Signal Transduction/drug effects
EDAT- 2013/08/21 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/29 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/17 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/08/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s11064-013-1129-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neurochem Res. 2013 Oct;38(10):2201-15. doi: 10.1007/s11064-013-1129-6. Epub 2013 
      Aug 15.