PMID- 23964215 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20130821 LR - 20240323 IS - 1662-5153 (Print) IS - 1662-5153 (Electronic) IS - 1662-5153 (Linking) VI - 7 DP - 2013 TI - Deep brain stimulation of the ventral striatum increases BDNF in the fear extinction circuit. PG - 102 LID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00102 [doi] LID - 102 AB - Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) reduces the symptoms of treatment-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), and improves response to extinction-based therapies. We recently reported that DBS-like stimulation of a rat homologue of VC/VS, the dorsal-VS, reduced conditioned fear and enhanced extinction memory (Rodriguez-Romaguera et al., 2012). In contrast, DBS of the ventral-VS had the opposite effects. To examine possible mechanisms of these effects, we assessed the effects of VS DBS on the expression of the neural activity marker Fos and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a key mediator of extinction plasticity in prefrontal-amygdala circuits. Consistent with decreased fear expression, DBS of dorsal-VS increased Fos expression in prelimbic and infralimbic prefrontal cortices and in the lateral division of the central nucleus of amygdala, an area that inhibits amygdala output. Consistent with improved extinction memory, we found that DBS of dorsal-VS, but not ventral-VS, increased neuronal BDNF expression in prelimbic and infralimbic prefrontal cortices. These rodent findings are consistent with the idea that clinical DBS of VC/VS may augment fear extinction through an increase in BDNF expression. FAU - Do-Monte, Fabricio H AU - Do-Monte FH AD - Departments of Psychiatry and Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine San Juan, Puerto Rico. FAU - Rodriguez-Romaguera, Jose AU - Rodriguez-Romaguera J FAU - Rosas-Vidal, Luis E AU - Rosas-Vidal LE FAU - Quirk, Gregory J AU - Quirk GJ LA - eng GR - P50 MH086400/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 MH058883/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20130808 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Behav Neurosci JT - Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience JID - 101477952 PMC - PMC3737469 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Fos OT - amygdala OT - anxiety disorders OT - fear expression OT - high-frequency stimulation OT - obsessive compulsive disorder OT - prefrontal cortex EDAT- 2013/08/22 06:00 MHDA- 2013/08/22 06:01 PMCR- 2013/01/01 CRDT- 2013/08/22 06:00 PHST- 2013/06/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/07/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/08/22 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/08/22 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2013/08/22 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2013/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00102 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Behav Neurosci. 2013 Aug 8;7:102. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00102. eCollection 2013.