PMID- 23988747
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140630
LR  - 20131112
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 466-467
DP  - 2014 Jan 1
TI  - Atmospheric polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) in India and Pakistan.
PG  - 1030-6
LID - S0048-9697(13)00859-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.078 [doi]
AB  - Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) are now under review by the Stockholm 
      Convention as candidates for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) due to their 
      persistence, toxicity, bioaccumulation, and long-range atmospheric transport. 
      Data on PCN levels are sparse in South Asia. Atmospheric PCNs in India and 
      Pakistan were monitored during the winter by polyurethane foam disk passive air 
      samplers (PUF-PAS). The average concentrations were 29 pg/m(3) and 7.7 pg/m(3) in 
      the Indian and Pakistani samples, respectively. Those concentration levels were 
      relatively lower than the previously reported values in other Asian countries, 
      but still considerably higher than in other sites in the world. Tri-CNs and 
      tetra-CNs were the dominant homologues in the air, especially in India. 
      Spatially, the PCNs were ubiquitous in the target areas, and local distribution 
      was generally impacted by the proximity to potential sources. Major sources of 
      PCNs in this study were the re-emission of Halowax and industrial thermal 
      processes. Biomass burning influenced some sites in Pakistan. However, the 
      enrichment of tri-CNs in Indian cities cannot be ascribed to either the signature 
      of a specific source or the preferential volatilization and/or photodegradation 
      in tropical areas. Despite this unclear issue in South Asia, the present study 
      indicates that the potential health impact was generally comparable to that in 
      non-urban sites worldwide.
CI  - (c) 2013.
FAU - Xu, Yue
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of 
      Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
FAU - Li, Jun
AU  - Li J
FAU - Chakraborty, Paromita
AU  - Chakraborty P
FAU - Syed, Jabir Hussain
AU  - Syed JH
FAU - Malik, Riffat Naseem
AU  - Malik RN
FAU - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang Y
FAU - Tian, Chongguo
AU  - Tian C
FAU - Luo, Chunling
AU  - Luo C
FAU - Zhang, Gan
AU  - Zhang G
FAU - Jones, Kevin C
AU  - Jones KC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130828
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Naphthalenes)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis/toxicity
MH  - *Environmental Exposure
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/*analysis/toxicity
MH  - India
MH  - Naphthalenes/*analysis/toxicity
MH  - Pakistan
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - India
OT  - PCNs
OT  - PUF
OT  - Pakistan
OT  - Passive air sampler
EDAT- 2013/08/31 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/01 06:00
CRDT- 2013/08/31 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/07/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/07/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/08/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/08/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/01 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(13)00859-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.078 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jan 1;466-467:1030-6. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.078. Epub 2013 Aug 28.