PMID- 24023636
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140415
LR  - 20240320
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 8
DP  - 2013
TI  - Using spatial analysis to predict health care use at the local level: a case 
      study of type 2 diabetes medication use and its association with demographic 
      change and socioeconomic status.
PG  - e72730
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0072730 [doi]
LID - e72730
AB  - Local health status and health care use may be negatively influenced by low local 
      socio-economic profile, population decline and population ageing. To support the 
      need for targeted local health care, we explored spatial patterns of type 2 
      diabetes mellitus (T2DM) drug use at local level and determined its association 
      with local demographic, socio-economic and access to care variables. We assessed 
      spatial variability in these associations. We estimated the five-year prevalence 
      of T2DM drug use (2005-2009) in persons aged 45 years and older at four-digit 
      postal code level using the University of Groningen pharmacy database IADB.nl. 
      Statistics Netherlands supplied data on potential predictor variables. We 
      assessed spatial clustering, correlations and estimated a multiple linear 
      regression model and a geographically weighted regression (GWR) model. Prevalence 
      of T2DM medicine use ranged from 2.0% to 25.4%. The regression model included the 
      extent of population ageing, proportion of social welfare/benefits, proportion of 
      low incomes and proportion of pensioners, all significant positive predictors of 
      local T2DM drug use. The GWR model demonstrated considerable spatial variability 
      in the association between T2DM drug use and above predictors and was more 
      accurate. The findings demonstrate the added value of spatial analysis in 
      predicting health care use at local level.
FAU - Dijkstra, Aletta
AU  - Dijkstra A
AD  - Unit of PharmacoEpidemiology & PharmacoEconomics (PE2), Department of Pharmacy, 
      University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
FAU - Janssen, Fanny
AU  - Janssen F
FAU - De Bakker, Marinus
AU  - De Bakker M
FAU - Bos, Jens
AU  - Bos J
FAU - Lub, Rene
AU  - Lub R
FAU - Van Wissen, Leo J G
AU  - Van Wissen LJ
FAU - Hak, Eelko
AU  - Hak E
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20130830
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Delivery of Health Care/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Demography
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy/*epidemiology
MH  - Geography
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/*therapeutic use
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Netherlands/epidemiology
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - Regression Analysis
MH  - Social Class
MH  - *Spatial Analysis
PMC - PMC3758350
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2013/09/12 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/16 06:00
PMCR- 2013/08/30
CRDT- 2013/09/12 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/07/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/12 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/08/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-03561 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0072730 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2013 Aug 30;8(8):e72730. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072730. eCollection 
      2013.