PMID- 24025534
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140502
LR  - 20131022
IS  - 1879-1298 (Electronic)
IS  - 0045-6535 (Linking)
VI  - 93
IP  - 8
DP  - 2013 Nov
TI  - Trends of perfluorochemicals in Greenland ringed seals and polar bears: 
      indications of shifts to decreasing trends.
PG  - 1607-14
LID - S0045-6535(13)01098-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.015 [doi]
AB  - Time-series of perfluorinated alkylated substances (PFASs) in East Greenland 
      polar bears and East and West Greenland ringed seals were updated in order to 
      deduce whether a response to the major reduction in perfluoroalkyl production in 
      the early 2000s had occurred. Previous studies had documented an exponential 
      increase of perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) in liver tissue from both species. 
      In the present study, PFOS was still the far most dominant compound constituting 
      92% (West Greenland ringed seals), 88% (East Greenland ringed seals) and 85% 
      (East Greenland polar bears). The PFOS concentrations increased up to 2006 with 
      doubling times of approximately 6 years for the ringed seal populations and 14 
      years in case of polar bears. Since then a rapid decrease has occurred with 
      clearing half-lives of approximately 1, 2 and 4 years, respectively. In polar 
      bears perfluorohexane sulphonate (PFHxS) and perfluorooctane sulphonamide (PFOSA) 
      also showed decreasing trends in recent years as do perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) 
      and perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA). For the West Greenland ringed seal 
      population perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), PFDA and 
      PFUnA peaked in the mid 2000s, whereas PFNA, PFDA and PFUnA in the East Greenland 
      population have been stable or increasing in recent years. The peak of PFASs in 
      Greenland ringed seals and polar bears occurred at a later time than in Canadian 
      seals and polar bears and considerably later than observed in seal species from 
      more southern latitudes. We suggest that this could be explained by the distance 
      to emission hot-spots and differences in long-range transport to the Arctic.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Riget, Frank
AU  - Riget F
AD  - Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Arctic Research Centre (ARC), 
      Frederiksborgvej 399, PO Box 358, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Electronic address: 
      ffr@dmu.dk.
FAU - Bossi, Rossana
AU  - Bossi R
FAU - Sonne, Christian
AU  - Sonne C
FAU - Vorkamp, Katrin
AU  - Vorkamp K
FAU - Dietz, Rune
AU  - Dietz R
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130908
PL  - England
TA  - Chemosphere
JT  - Chemosphere
JID - 0320657
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*metabolism
MH  - Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Greenland
MH  - Seals, Earless/*metabolism
MH  - Ursidae/*metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Greenland
OT  - Perfluorochemicals
OT  - Polar bear
OT  - Ringed seal
OT  - Temporal trends
EDAT- 2013/09/13 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/03 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/13 06:00
PHST- 2013/03/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/01 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/08/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0045-6535(13)01098-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Chemosphere. 2013 Nov;93(8):1607-14. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.08.015. Epub 
      2013 Sep 8.