PMID- 24029814
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140813
LR  - 20140109
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 470-471
DP  - 2014 Feb 1
TI  - Human health risks associated with dietary exposure to persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in river water in Korea.
PG  - 1362-9
LID - S0048-9697(13)00944-3 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.030 [doi]
AB  - Because of their persistence, bioaccumulation tendency, and toxicity, 
      organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were banned several decades ago. However, they 
      are still detected in natural water and pose a serious risk to human health and 
      the environment. In the present study, seven OCPs were measured in river water 
      collected from 28 sampling sites between 2010 and 2011 in the Yeongsan (YS) and 
      Seomjin (SJ) Rivers, Korea. Gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry 
      (HRMS) was used for the chemical analysis. The potential health risks of 
      consuming OCPs in fish were assessed in the monitoring region (YS and SJ River 
      basins) by measuring the residual level of OCPs. The human health risks were 
      characterized by considering both the exposure level and the corresponding cancer 
      slope factors; we incorporated both deterministic and probabilistic approaches. 
      The risks were calculated using the probabilistic Maximum Likelihood Estimation 
      (MLE) method. Risk uncertainty and sensitivity were calculated by performing a 
      Monte Carlo analysis. Of the six OCPs, dieldrin, heptachlor epoxide, and 
      hexachlorobenzene exceeded the acceptable risk level in the heavy and light fish 
      consumer groups. The cancer risks associated with these OCPs were 2.99x10(-6), 
      5.81x10(-6) and 3.72x10(-6), respectively, using the deterministic approach and 
      1.64x10(-5), 3.36x10(-2) and 5.52x10(-5), respectively, at the 95th percentile 
      using the probabilistic approach. Because there is a high cancer risk associated 
      with these three OCPs, individuals who consume large amounts of freshwater fish 
      may be subject to a high risk of cancer. However, the calculations may have over- 
      or underestimated the risk because of the uncertainty of the environmental 
      concentration and fish intake rate or the use of left-censored monitoring data.
CI  - (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lee, Sun-Hong
AU  - Lee SH
AD  - School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and 
      Technology, 261 Cheomdan Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Ra, Jin-Sung
AU  - Ra JS
AD  - School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and 
      Technology, 261 Cheomdan Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Choi, Jae-Won
AU  - Choi JW
AD  - Water Quality Center, K-Water, 560 Shintanjin-ro, Daeduck-gu, Daejeon 306-711, 
      Republic of Korea.
FAU - Yim, Byung-Jin
AU  - Yim BJ
AD  - Yeongsan River Environmental Research Center, 1110-8 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 
      500-775, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Jung, Myung-Sook
AU  - Jung MS
AD  - Water Environment Research Department, National Institute of Environmental 
      Research, Seo-gu, Incheon 404-708, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Kim, Sang-Don
AU  - Kim SD
AD  - School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and 
      Technology, 261 Cheomdan Gwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea. 
      Electronic address: sdkim@gist.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130909
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated)
RN  - 0 (Pesticides)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 4Z87H0LKUY (Hexachlorobenzene)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diet/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis/*statistics & numerical data
MH  - Fishes/metabolism
MH  - Hexachlorobenzene/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Likelihood Functions
MH  - Pesticides/analysis/metabolism
MH  - Republic of Korea
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Rivers/*chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis/metabolism
MH  - Water Pollution, Chemical/*statistics & numerical data
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Human health risk
OT  - Organochlorine pesticides
OT  - Sensitivity
OT  - Uncertainty
OT  - Yeongsan River
EDAT- 2013/09/14 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/15 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/14 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/08/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(13)00944-3 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.030 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2014 Feb 1;470-471:1362-9. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.030. Epub 2013 Sep 9.