PMID- 24031067
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140714
LR  - 20131205
IS  - 1477-9145 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-0949 (Linking)
VI  - 216
IP  - Pt 24
DP  - 2013 Dec 15
TI  - Inflammatory challenge increases measures of oxidative stress in a free-ranging, 
      long-lived mammal.
PG  - 4514-9
LID - 10.1242/jeb.090837 [doi]
AB  - Oxidative stress - the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 
      neutralising antioxidants - has been under debate as the main cause of ageing in 
      aerobial organisms. The level of ROS should increase during infection as part of 
      the activation of an immune response, leading to oxidative damage to proteins, 
      lipids and DNA. Yet, it is unknown how long-lived organisms, especially mammals, 
      cope with oxidative stress. Bats are known to carry a variety of zoonotic 
      pathogens and at the same time are, despite their high mass-specific basal 
      metabolic rate, unusually long lived, which may be partly the result of low 
      oxidative damage of organs. Here, we asked whether an immune challenge causes 
      oxidative stress in free-ranging bats, measuring two oxidative stress markers. We 
      injected 20 short-tailed fruit bats (Carollia perspicillata) with bacterially 
      derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 20 individuals with phosphate-buffered 
      saline solution (PBS) as a control. Individuals injected with LPS showed an 
      immune reaction by increased white blood cell count after 24 h, whereas there was 
      no significant change in leukocyte count in control animals. The biological 
      antioxidant potential (BAP) remained the same in both groups, but reactive oxygen 
      metabolites (ROMs) increased after treatment with LPS, indicating a significant 
      increase in oxidative stress in animals when mounting an immune reaction toward 
      the inflammatory challenge. Control individuals did not show a change in 
      oxidative stress markers. We conclude that in a long-lived mammal, even high 
      concentrations of antioxidants do not immediately neutralise free radicals 
      produced during a cellular immune response. Thus, fighting an infection may lead 
      to oxidative stress in bats.
FAU - Schneeberger, Karin
AU  - Schneeberger K
AD  - Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Strasse 17, 10315 
      Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Czirjak, Gabor A
AU  - Czirjak GA
FAU - Voigt, Christian C
AU  - Voigt CC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130912
PL  - England
TA  - J Exp Biol
JT  - The Journal of experimental biology
JID - 0243705
RN  - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chiroptera/*immunology
MH  - Female
MH  - Inflammation/immunology
MH  - Lipopolysaccharides/administration & dosage/*immunology
MH  - *Longevity
MH  - Male
MH  - *Oxidative Stress
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/*immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antioxidants
OT  - bat
OT  - immune response
OT  - reactive oxygen metabolites
EDAT- 2013/09/14 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/16 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/14 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/16 06:00 [medline]
AID - jeb.090837 [pii]
AID - 10.1242/jeb.090837 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Exp Biol. 2013 Dec 15;216(Pt 24):4514-9. doi: 10.1242/jeb.090837. Epub 2013 Sep 
      12.