PMID- 24036313 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20141028 LR - 20140825 IS - 1879-1220 (Electronic) IS - 0960-0760 (Linking) VI - 144 Pt A DP - 2014 Oct TI - Design and synthesis of 2alpha-(tetrazolylethyl)-1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a high affinity ligand for vitamin D receptor. PG - 201-3 LID - S0960-0760(13)00161-1 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.09.001 [doi] AB - X-ray cocrystallographic studies of the human vitamin D receptor (hVDR)-[2alpha-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (O1C3)] complex showed that the terminal hydroxy group of the 2alpha-functional group of O1C3 formed a hydrogen bond with Arg274 in the ligand binding domain (LBD) of hVDR to stabilize the complex; therefore, O1C3 showed 3-times greater binding affinity for VDR than the natural hormone. Here, the effects of a heteroaromatic ring on binding to hVDR instead of the terminal OH group of O1C3 and also on preliminary biological activities were studied. We synthesized 2alpha-[2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl]-1alpha,25(OH)2D3 (1a) and its regioisomer 2alpha-[2-(tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl]-1alpha,25(OH)2D3 (1b), in which 1a showed much higher hVDR binding affinity and greater osteocalcin promoter transactivation activity in human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells than those of 1b. X-ray cocrystallographic analysis of the hVDR-1a complex showed new hydrogen bond formation between one of the nitrogen atoms of the tetrazole ring and Arg274. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled '16th Vitamin D Workshop'. CI - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Matsuo, Miki AU - Matsuo M AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. FAU - Hasegawa, Asami AU - Hasegawa A AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. FAU - Takano, Masashi AU - Takano M AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. FAU - Saito, Hiroshi AU - Saito H AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Kakuda, Shinji AU - Kakuda S AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Takagi, Kenichiro AU - Takagi K AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Ochiai, Eiji AU - Ochiai E AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Horie, Kyohei AU - Horie K AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Takimoto-Kamimura, Midori AU - Takimoto-Kamimura M AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Takenouchi, Kazuya AU - Takenouchi K AD - Teijin Institute for Bio-medical Research, Teijin Pharma Ltd., 4-3-2 Asahigaoka, Hino, Tokyo 191-8512, Japan. FAU - Sawada, Daisuke AU - Sawada D AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. FAU - Kittaka, Atsushi AU - Kittaka A AD - Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan. Electronic address: akittaka@pharm.teikyo-u.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PT - Review DEP - 20130910 PL - England TA - J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol JT - The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology JID - 9015483 RN - 0 (2-(2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl)-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) RN - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents) RN - 0 (Receptors, Calcitriol) RN - 0 (Vitamins) RN - FXC9231JVH (Calcitriol) SB - IM MH - Antineoplastic Agents/*chemical synthesis/pharmacology MH - Bone Neoplasms/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology MH - Calcitriol/*analogs & derivatives/chemical synthesis/pharmacology MH - *Drug Design MH - Humans MH - Osteosarcoma/drug therapy/metabolism/pathology MH - Receptors, Calcitriol/*metabolism MH - Structure-Activity Relationship MH - Vitamins/*chemical synthesis/pharmacology OTO - NOTNLM OT - 2alpha-Functionalized vitamin D OT - Binding affinity OT - Transactivation OT - Vitamin D receptor OT - Vitamin D(3) OT - X-ray cocrystallographic analysis EDAT- 2013/09/17 06:00 MHDA- 2014/10/29 06:00 CRDT- 2013/09/17 06:00 PHST- 2013/07/23 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/08/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2013/09/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/09/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/09/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/10/29 06:00 [medline] AID - S0960-0760(13)00161-1 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.09.001 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2014 Oct;144 Pt A:201-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Sep 10.