PMID- 24044974
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140801
LR  - 20220330
IS  - 1878-4216 (Electronic)
IS  - 0278-5846 (Linking)
VI  - 48
DP  - 2014 Jan 3
TI  - Multifunctional aspects of allopregnanolone in stress and related disorders.
PG  - 64-78
LID - S0278-5846(13)00194-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.09.005 [doi]
AB  - Allopregnanolone (3alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one) is a major cholesterol-derived 
      neurosteroid in the central nervous system and is synthesized from progesterone 
      by steroidogenic enzymes, 5alpha-reductase (the rate-limiting enzyme) and 
      3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. The pathophysiological role of allopregnanolone 
      in neuropsychiatric disorders has been highlighted in several investigations. The 
      changes in neuroactive steroid levels are detected in stress and stress-related 
      disorders including anxiety, panic and depression. The changes in 
      allopregnanolone in response to acute stressor tend to restore the homeostasis by 
      dampening the hyper-activated HPA axis. However, long standing stressors leading 
      to development of neuropsychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety are 
      associated with decrease in the allopregnanolone levels. GABAA receptor complex 
      has been considered as the primary target of allopregnanolone and majority of its 
      inhibitory actions are mediated through GABA potentiation or direct activation of 
      GABA currents. The role of progesterone receptors in producing the late actions 
      of allopregnanolone particularly in lordosis facilitation has also been 
      described. Moreover, recent studies have also described the involvement of other 
      multiple targets including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glutamate, 
      dopamine, opioids, oxytocin, and calcium channels. The present review discusses 
      the various aspects of allopregnanolone in stress and stress-related disorders 
      including anxiety, depression and panic.
CI  - (c) 2013.
FAU - Bali, Anjana
AU  - Bali A
AD  - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University 
      Patiala, 147002, India.
FAU - Jaggi, Amteshwar Singh
AU  - Jaggi AS
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20130914
PL  - England
TA  - Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
JT  - Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
JID - 8211617
RN  - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor)
RN  - 0 (Calcium Channels)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, GABA-A)
RN  - 3KX376GY7L (Glutamic Acid)
RN  - 50-56-6 (Oxytocin)
RN  - BXO86P3XXW (Pregnanolone)
RN  - VTD58H1Z2X (Dopamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anxiety/*metabolism
MH  - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
MH  - Calcium Channels/metabolism
MH  - Depression/*metabolism
MH  - Dopamine/metabolism
MH  - Glutamic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Oxytocin/metabolism
MH  - Pregnanolone/*metabolism
MH  - Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism
MH  - Stress, Psychological/*metabolism/physiopathology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3alpha-HSD
OT  - 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
OT  - AlloP
OT  - Allopregnanolone
OT  - Anxiety
OT  - BDNF
OT  - Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
OT  - CRF
OT  - Corticotropin releasing factor
OT  - Depression
OT  - GABA
OT  - HPA
OT  - HVA
OT  - Homovanillic acid
OT  - Hypothalamus-pituitary- adrenal axis
OT  - MAPK
OT  - Msitogen-activated protein kinases
OT  - N-methyl-D-aspartate
OT  - NKCC1
OT  - NMDA
OT  - NTS
OT  - Na(+)-K(+)-Cl(-) co-transporter
OT  - Nucleus tractus solitaries
OT  - PBR
OT  - PKA
OT  - PVN
OT  - Panic
OT  - Paraventricular nucleus
OT  - Peripheral benzodiazepine receptors
OT  - Protein kinase A
OT  - SBBS
OT  - SON
OT  - Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic current
OT  - Steroidogenic stimulant
OT  - Stress
OT  - Supraoptic nucleus
OT  - TSPO
OT  - TSST
OT  - Translocator protein
OT  - Trier Social Stress test
OT  - VMH
OT  - Ventromedial hypothalamus
OT  - mPFC
OT  - median prefrontal cortex
OT  - sEPSCs
EDAT- 2013/09/21 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/02 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/19 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/09/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/02 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0278-5846(13)00194-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.09.005 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Jan 3;48:64-78. doi: 
      10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.09.005. Epub 2013 Sep 14.