PMID- 24066133
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140526
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 9
DP  - 2013
TI  - Molecular characterization of RXR (Retinoid X Receptor) gene isoforms from the 
      bivalve species Chlamys farreri.
PG  - e74290
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0074290 [doi]
LID - e74290
AB  - BACKGROUND: Bivalves are among the oldest classes of invertebrates, and they 
      exhibit diverse types of sexual patterning. However, our current understanding of 
      the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in bivalves remains very 
      limited. The retinoid X receptors (RXRs), which are members of the nuclear 
      receptor family, are involved in sex differentiation in many organisms. RESULTS: 
      In the present study, four full-length RXR-encoding cDNAs (CfRXRs) named CfRXRa, 
      CfRXRb, CfRXRc and CfRXRd were retrieved from Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri). 
      The four RXRs exhibited the conserved five-domain structure of nuclear receptor 
      superfamily members and differed from each other only in the T-box of the C 
      domain. The three variants, designated T (+4), T (+20) and T (+24), contained 
      insertions of 4, 20 and 24 amino acids, respectively. The entire CfRXR gene is 
      composed of eight exons and seven introns, and the four isoforms are generated 
      via alternative mRNA splicing. Expression analysis showed that all four isoforms 
      were expressed in both the testis and the ovary during the differentiation stage, 
      whereas no expression was detected in the growth, mature or resting stages. This 
      result suggests that CfRXRs are involved in germ cell differentiation in both 
      sexes. The expression of the four isoforms was also detected in other tissues 
      examined, including mantle, gill, digestive gland, and adductor muscle of 
      sexually mature male and female Zhikong scallops, implying the multiple 
      biological functions of CfRXRs. CONCLUSION: Our study presents the first report 
      of RXR isoforms in bivalves. Further investigation of the functional roles of 
      different RXR isoforms may provide deep insights into the regulatory mechanism of 
      sex differentiation in C. farreri.
FAU - Lv, Jia
AU  - Lv J
AD  - Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, 
      College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.
FAU - Feng, Liying
AU  - Feng L
FAU - Bao, Zhenmin
AU  - Bao Z
FAU - Guo, Huihui
AU  - Guo H
FAU - Zhang, Yueyue
AU  - Zhang Y
FAU - Jiao, Wenqian
AU  - Jiao W
FAU - Zhang, Lingling
AU  - Zhang L
FAU - Wang, Shi
AU  - Wang S
FAU - He, Yan
AU  - He Y
FAU - Hu, Xiaoli
AU  - Hu X
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130916
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Protein Isoforms)
RN  - 0 (Retinoid X Receptors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Male
MH  - Pectinidae/genetics/*metabolism/physiology
MH  - Protein Isoforms/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Retinoid X Receptors/genetics/*metabolism
MH  - Sex Differentiation/genetics/physiology
PMC - PMC3774650
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2013/09/26 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/27 06:00
PMCR- 2013/09/16
CRDT- 2013/09/26 06:00
PHST- 2013/04/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/07/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/09/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-17495 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0074290 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2013 Sep 16;8(9):e74290. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074290. eCollection 
      2013.