PMID- 24070602
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140512
LR  - 20171116
IS  - 1873-4847 (Electronic)
IS  - 0955-2863 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 11
DP  - 2013 Nov
TI  - Dietary carbohydrate dictates development of Type 2 diabetes in the Nile rat.
PG  - 1945-52
LID - S0955-2863(13)00136-8 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.06.004 [doi]
AB  - Amount and type of dietary carbohydrate (CHO), as well as the CHO:fat ratio, are 
      thought to be critical for both the rate of development and severity of Type 2 
      diabetes mellitus. Thus, these nutritional considerations were examined in the 
      previously described "spontaneous" model of diabetes and metabolic syndrome, the 
      Nile rat. Weanling male Nile rats (n=92) were fed semipurified diets, modifying 
      glycemic index and load by changing the amount of fiber or altering the CHO:fat 
      ratio. Random and fasting blood glucose and body weight were assessed, and 
      diabetes was characterized in terms of blood glucose, relevant plasma and liver 
      parameters, food and water intake and terminal organ weights. Nile rats fed with 
      hiCHO became more hyperglycemic than rats fed with modCHO (P<.05), while loCHO 
      and hiCHO+hiFiber rats remained essentially normoglycemic. Liver lipid and 
      glycogen accumulation was associated with severe hyperlipemia in diabetic rats, 
      analogous to metabolic syndrome in humans. Advanced diabetes was linked to liver 
      and kidney damage and elevated blood urea nitrogen with weight loss. Dispersing 
      dietary CHO by fiber or replacing it by moderate fat (reducing the glycemic index 
      and load) delayed the onset of diabetes but did not prevent signs of insulin 
      resistance. A very low content of dietary CHO (high fat) seemed to prevent even 
      these early indicators of insulin resistance. Thus, the Nile rat represents a 
      novel CHO-sensitive model for study of Type 2 diabetes that reliably follows the 
      course of disease in humans.
CI  - (c) 2013.
FAU - Bolsinger, Julia
AU  - Bolsinger J
AD  - Foster Biomedical Research Laboratory, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, 
      USA. Electronic address: juliab@brandeis.edu.
FAU - Pronczuk, Andrzej
AU  - Pronczuk A
FAU - Hayes, K C
AU  - Hayes KC
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20130924
PL  - United States
TA  - J Nutr Biochem
JT  - The Journal of nutritional biochemistry
JID - 9010081
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Carbohydrates)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fats)
RN  - 0 (Dietary Fiber)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*physiopathology
MH  - Dietary Carbohydrates/*administration & dosage/metabolism
MH  - Dietary Fats/administration & dosage
MH  - Dietary Fiber/administration & dosage
MH  - Hyperlipidemias/etiology
MH  - Insulin Resistance
MH  - Male
MH  - Rats
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BUN
OT  - CHO
OT  - Carbohydrate
OT  - DIO
OT  - FBG
OT  - Glycemic index
OT  - Glycemic load
OT  - HDL-C
OT  - Insulin resistance
OT  - LDL-C
OT  - MetS
OT  - NR
OT  - Nile rat
OT  - PLSD
OT  - RBG
OT  - T2DM
OT  - TC
OT  - TG
OT  - Type 2 diabetes
OT  - blood urea nitrogen
OT  - carbohydrate
OT  - diet-induced obesity
OT  - fasting blood glucose
OT  - high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
OT  - low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
OT  - metabolic syndrome
OT  - protected least significant difference
OT  - random blood glucose
OT  - total cholesterol
OT  - triglycerides
OT  - type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2013/09/28 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/13 06:00
CRDT- 2013/09/28 06:00
PHST- 2012/12/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/04/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/06/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/09/28 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/09/28 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0955-2863(13)00136-8 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.06.004 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Nutr Biochem. 2013 Nov;24(11):1945-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.06.004. Epub 
      2013 Sep 24.