PMID- 24113138 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140205 LR - 20181202 IS - 1873-0183 (Electronic) IS - 1568-9972 (Linking) VI - 13 IP - 2 DP - 2014 Feb TI - Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand-dependent dendritic cells in autoimmune inflammation. PG - 117-24 LID - S1568-9972(13)00174-2 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.09.010 [doi] AB - Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized in capture, processing and presentation of antigens to T cells. Depending on the type of DC and its activation state, the interaction of DCs with naive T cells can lead to different types of immune response, or to T-cell tolerance. The existence of many specialized subtypes of DCs with particular functions has raised the need to distinguish DCs formed in steady-state from those produced during an inflammatory response. In patients with autoimmune disease and in experimental animal models of autoimmunity, DCs show abnormalities in both numbers and activation state, expressing immunogenic levels of co-stimulatory molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Initial in vitro studies of cytokines in DC development revealed distinct and important roles for the receptor tyrosine kinases, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, also called CSF1) and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) in the generation of DCs. Flt3L is critical for instructing DC generation throughout different organs and regulates DC development from Flt3(+) lymphoid and myeloid-committed progenitors to DCs in vivo. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the role of Flt3L-dependent DCs in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmunity and chronic inflammation and its potential as therapeutic targets. CI - (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Ramos, M I AU - Ramos MI AD - Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center/University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. FAU - Tak, P P AU - Tak PP FAU - Lebre, M C AU - Lebre MC LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20131007 PL - Netherlands TA - Autoimmun Rev JT - Autoimmunity reviews JID - 101128967 RN - 0 (Cytokines) RN - EC 2.7.10.1 (fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology/pathology MH - Cytokines/immunology MH - Dendritic Cells/*immunology MH - Humans MH - Immune Tolerance MH - Inflammation/immunology/pathology MH - T-Lymphocytes/immunology MH - fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3/*immunology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Autoimmunity OT - DC targeting OT - DCs OT - Inflammation EDAT- 2013/10/12 06:00 MHDA- 2014/02/06 06:00 CRDT- 2013/10/12 06:00 PHST- 2013/09/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/09/25 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2013/10/12 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2013/10/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/02/06 06:00 [medline] AID - S1568-9972(13)00174-2 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.09.010 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Autoimmun Rev. 2014 Feb;13(2):117-24. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.09.010. Epub 2013 Oct 7.