PMID- 24121718
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140530
LR  - 20131230
IS  - 1432-0703 (Electronic)
IS  - 0090-4341 (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 4
DP  - 2013 Nov
TI  - Short-term effects of military fog oil on the fountain darter (Etheostoma 
      fonticola).
PG  - 790-7
AB  - Toxicity tests evaluated chronic and sublethal effects of fog oil (FO) on a 
      freshwater endangered fish. FO is released during military training as an 
      obscurant smoke that can drift into aquatic habitats. Fountain darters, 
      Etheostoma fonticola, of four distinct life stages were exposed under laboratory 
      conditions to three forms of FO. FO was vaporized into smoke and allowed to 
      settle onto water, violently agitated with water, and dosed onto water followed 
      by photo-oxidization by ultraviolet irradiation. Single smoke exposures of 
      spawning adult fish did not affect egg production, egg viability, or adult fish 
      survival in 21-day tests. Multiple daily smoke exposures induced mortality after 
      5 days for larvae fish. Larvae and juvenile fish were more sensitive than eggs in 
      96-h lethal concentration (LC50) tests with FO-water mixtures and photo-oxidized 
      FO. Water-soluble FO components photo-modified by ultraviolet radiation were the 
      most toxic, thus indicating the value of examining weathering and aging of 
      chemicals for the best determination of environmental impact.
FAU - Ryan, T A
AU  - Ryan TA
FAU - Kohl, A N
AU  - Kohl AN
FAU - Soucek, D J
AU  - Soucek DJ
FAU - Smith, T S
AU  - Smith TS
FAU - Brandt, T M
AU  - Brandt TM
FAU - Bonner, T H
AU  - Bonner TH
FAU - Cropek, D M
AU  - Cropek DM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
JT  - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
JID - 0357245
RN  - 0 (Oils)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Endangered Species
MH  - Military Personnel/education
MH  - Oils/*toxicity
MH  - Perches
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity
MH  - Weather
EDAT- 2013/10/15 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/31 06:00
CRDT- 2013/10/15 06:00
PHST- 2012/10/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/10/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/10/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/31 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00244-013-9958-5 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013 Nov;65(4):790-7. doi: 
      10.1007/s00244-013-9958-5.