PMID- 24128576
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140623
LR  - 20240109
IS  - 1873-7072 (Electronic)
IS  - 0308-8146 (Linking)
VI  - 145
DP  - 2014 Feb 15
TI  - Combined determination and confirmation of ethylenethiourea and propylenethiourea 
      residues in fruits at low levels of detection.
PG  - 1002-10
LID - S0308-8146(13)01266-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.023 [doi]
AB  - In this work, a new method for the determination of ethylenethiourea (ETU) and 
      propylenethiourea (PTU) in fruits and vegetables is presented. Different 
      extraction and purification techniques, including matrix solid phase dispersion 
      (MSPD) and solid-liquid extraction (SLE), followed by a clean-up step by solid 
      phase extraction (SPE), were compared. The determination of ETU and PTU was 
      performed by high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection 
      (HPLC/DAD) or by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection (GC/MS). The 
      effect of several parameters on the extraction, separation and detection was 
      studied. The proposed method based on solid-liquid extraction with acetonitrile, 
      clean-up with Envicarb II/PSA cartridges and subsequent analysis by HPLC/DAD was 
      characterised and applied to the analysis of fruits and vegetables from different 
      countries. Analytes recoveries were between 71% and 94% with relative standard 
      deviations (RSDs) ranging from 8% to 9.5%. Quantification limits obtained for ETU 
      and PTU with the HPLC/DAD method were 7 and 16 mug kg(-)(1) in strawberries (fresh 
      weight), respectively. For apples, they were 11 and 25 mug kg(-)(1), respectively.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Lopez-Fernandez, O
AU  - Lopez-Fernandez O
AD  - Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, 
      Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
FAU - Rial-Otero, R
AU  - Rial-Otero R
FAU - Cid, A
AU  - Cid A
FAU - Simal-Gandara, J
AU  - Simal-Gandara J
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Validation Study
DEP - 20130912
PL  - England
TA  - Food Chem
JT  - Food chemistry
JID - 7702639
RN  - 0 (Fungicides, Industrial)
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Thiocarbamates)
RN  - 2055-46-1 (propylenethiourea)
RN  - 24FOJ4N18S (Ethylenethiourea)
RN  - GYV9AM2QAG (Thiourea)
SB  - IM
MH  - Crops, Agricultural/*chemistry
MH  - Ethylenethiourea/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - *Food Contamination
MH  - Food Inspection/methods
MH  - Fragaria/chemistry
MH  - Freeze Drying
MH  - Fruit/*chemistry
MH  - Fungicides, Industrial/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Lactuca/chemistry
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Malus/chemistry
MH  - Mediterranean Region
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis/chemistry
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/isolation & purification
MH  - Plant Leaves/chemistry
MH  - Reproducibility of Results
MH  - Spain
MH  - Thiocarbamates/analysis/chemistry
MH  - Thiourea/*analogs & derivatives/analysis/chemistry
MH  - Vitis/chemistry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Dithiocarbamate metabolites
OT  - Ethylenethiourea (ETU)
OT  - Fruits
OT  - Propylenethiourea (PTU)
OT  - Vegetables
EDAT- 2013/10/17 06:00
MHDA- 2014/06/24 06:00
CRDT- 2013/10/17 06:00
PHST- 2013/01/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/09/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/10/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/10/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/06/24 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0308-8146(13)01266-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.023 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Food Chem. 2014 Feb 15;145:1002-10. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.023. Epub 
      2013 Sep 12.