PMID- 24139518 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140128 LR - 20240321 IS - 1879-355X (Electronic) IS - 0360-3016 (Print) IS - 0360-3016 (Linking) VI - 87 IP - 5 DP - 2013 Dec 1 TI - Transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta1) is a serum biomarker of radiation induced fibrosis in patients treated with intracavitary accelerated partial breast irradiation: preliminary results of a prospective study. PG - 1030-6 LID - S0360-3016(13)03080-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.08.045 [doi] AB - PURPOSE: To examine a relationship between serum transforming growth factor beta -1 (TGF-beta1) values and radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a prospective analysis of the development of RIF in 39 women with American Joint Committee on Cancer stage 0-I breast cancer treated with lumpectomy and accelerated partial breast irradiation via intracavitary brachytherapy (IBAPBI). An enzyme-linked immunoassay (Quantikine, R&D, Minneapolis, MN) was used to measure serum TGF-beta1 before surgery, before IBAPBI, and during IBAPBI. Blood samples for TGF-beta1 were also collected from 15 healthy, nontreated women (controls). The previously validated tissue compliance meter (TCM) was used to objectively assess RIF. RESULTS: The median time to follow-up for 39 patients was 44 months (range, 5-59 months). RIF was graded by the TCM scale as 0, 1, 2, and 3 in 5 of 20 patients (25%), 6 of 20 patients (30%), 5 of 20 patients (25%), and 4 of 20 patients (20%), respectively. The mean serum TGF-beta1 values were significantly higher in patients before surgery than in disease-free controls, as follows: all cancer patients (30,201 +/- 5889 pg/mL, P=.02); patients with any type of RIF (32,273 +/- 5016 pg/mL, P<.0001); and women with moderate to severe RIF (34,462 +/- 4713 pg/mL, P<0.0001). Patients with moderate to severe RIF had significantly elevated TGF-beta1 levels when compared with those with none to mild RIF before surgery (P=.0014) during IBAPBI (P