PMID- 24142843
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140828
LR  - 20200930
IS  - 1552-485X (Electronic)
IS  - 1552-4841 (Linking)
VI  - 165B
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - HLA associations in schizophrenia: are we re-discovering the wheel?
PG  - 19-27
LID - 10.1002/ajmg.b.32195 [doi]
AB  - Associations between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) polymorphisms on chromosome 6p 
      and schizophrenia (SZ) risk have been evaluated for over five decades. Numerous 
      case-control studies from the candidate gene era analyzed moderately sized 
      samples and reported nominally significant associations with several loci in the 
      HLA region (sample sizes, n = 100-400). The risk conferred by individual alleles 
      was modest (odds ratios < 2.0). The basis for the associations could not be 
      determined, though connections with known immune and auto-immune abnormalities in 
      SZ were postulated. Interest in the HLA associations has re-emerged following 
      several recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS); which utilized 10- to 
      100-fold larger samples and also identified associations on the short arm of 
      chromosome 6. Unlike the earlier candidate gene studies, the associations are 
      statistically significant following correction for multiple comparisons. Like the 
      earlier studies; they have modest effect sizes, raising questions about their 
      utility in risk prediction or pathogenesis research. In this review, we summarize 
      the GWAS and reflect on possible bases for the associations. Suggestions for 
      future research are discussed. We favor, in particular; efforts to evaluate local 
      population sub-structure as well as further evaluation of immune-related 
      variables in future studies.
CI  - (c) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FAU - Kodavali, Chowdari V
AU  - Kodavali CV
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Western 
      Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
FAU - Watson, Annie M
AU  - Watson AM
FAU - Prasad, Konasale M
AU  - Prasad KM
FAU - Celik, Cemil
AU  - Celik C
FAU - Mansour, Hader
AU  - Mansour H
FAU - Yolken, Robert H
AU  - Yolken RH
FAU - Nimgaonkar, Vishwajit L
AU  - Nimgaonkar VL
LA  - eng
GR  - D43 TW008302/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH083756/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH085269/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH63480/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20131019
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
JT  - American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the 
      official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics
JID - 101235742
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alleles
MH  - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6/*genetics
MH  - Gene Frequency
MH  - Genetic Predisposition to Disease
MH  - Genetic Variation
MH  - HLA Antigens/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
MH  - Risk
MH  - Schizophrenia/*genetics/immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GWAS
OT  - genetics
OT  - human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
OT  - immune-related
OT  - schizophrenia
EDAT- 2013/10/22 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/29 06:00
CRDT- 2013/10/22 06:00
PHST- 2013/02/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/08/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/10/22 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/10/22 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/29 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1002/ajmg.b.32195 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2014 Jan;165B(1):19-27. doi: 
      10.1002/ajmg.b.32195. Epub 2013 Oct 19.