PMID- 24173360
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141224
LR  - 20220310
IS  - 1348-4214 (Electronic)
IS  - 0916-9636 (Linking)
VI  - 37
IP  - 5
DP  - 2014 May
TI  - Macro- and microvascular alterations in patients with metabolic syndrome: sugar 
      makes the difference.
PG  - 452-6
LID - 10.1038/hr.2013.148 [doi]
AB  - Metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with adverse cardiovascular events, 
      although its prognostic significance over and beyond the clustering risk factors 
      is controversial. Moreover, there are no data on the possible differentiation of 
      target organ damage among patients with MS according to the grade of its distinct 
      components. We studied 500 hypertensive patients with MS and we assessed vascular 
      damage according to glucose metabolic status (1, normal glucose metabolism (NG); 
      2, impaired fasting glucose (IFG); 3, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); and 4, 
      diabetes mellitus II (DM II)). Macrovascular damage was assessed with arterial 
      stiffness by measuring carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Microvascular 
      damage was assessed with albumin excretion by estimating the albumin-creatinine 
      ratio (ACR). There was a significant progressive increase in PWV from group 1 to 
      group 4 (from 7.97 to 8.83 to 8.94 to 10.27 m s(-1), respectively) that remained 
      statistically significant even after adjustment for several confounders 
      (P<0.001). Similar trends were also observed for ACR (from 27.44 to 29.94 to 
      36.26 to 73.07 mg g(-1), P<0.001). In multiple regression analysis, both PWV and 
      ACR were independently related to glucose metabolic status (P=0.001 and P<0.001, 
      respectively). Vascular alterations among patients with MS differ according to 
      the grade of glucose dysregulation. Considering the adverse prognostic role of 
      arterial stiffness and microalbuminuria, it might be argued that the 
      cardiovascular risk is not homogeneously distributed among patients with MS but 
      is largely determined by glucose metabolic status.
FAU - Pietri, Panagiota
AU  - Pietri P
AD  - 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Vlachopoulos, Charalambos
AU  - Vlachopoulos C
AD  - 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Vyssoulis, Gregory
AU  - Vyssoulis G
AD  - 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Ioakeimidis, Nikolaos
AU  - Ioakeimidis N
AD  - 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, 
      Greece.
FAU - Stefanadis, Christodoulos
AU  - Stefanadis C
AD  - 1st Cardiology Department, Athens Medical School, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, 
      Greece.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20131031
PL  - England
TA  - Hypertens Res
JT  - Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension
JID - 9307690
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Blood Flow Velocity/physiology
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - Blood Pressure/*physiology
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypertension/complications/*metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Male
MH  - Metabolic Syndrome/complications/*metabolism/physiopathology
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Pulse Wave Analysis
MH  - Vascular Stiffness/*physiology
EDAT- 2013/11/01 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/30 06:00
CRDT- 2013/11/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/18 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/09/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/11/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - hr2013148 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/hr.2013.148 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hypertens Res. 2014 May;37(5):452-6. doi: 10.1038/hr.2013.148. Epub 2013 Oct 31.