PMID- 24176819
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140818
LR  - 20131230
IS  - 1095-9947 (Electronic)
IS  - 1050-4648 (Linking)
VI  - 36
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - Grouper interleukin-12, linked by an ancient disulfide-bond architecture, 
      exhibits cytokine and chemokine activities.
PG  - 27-37
LID - S1050-4648(13)00806-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.009 [doi]
AB  - Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a pleiotropic cytokine which bridges innate and 
      adaptive immunity in defense against pathogens. IL-12 proved to be an effective 
      and successful adjuvant to enhance both the innate and adaptive immune responses 
      and could be applicable for a rationale vaccine formulation in fish against 
      pathogen infection. We have cloned the p35 and p40 cDNAs of IL-12 from 
      orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides). Grouper IL-12 most resembles with 
      sea bass orthologues; moderate to low identity with other teleost and mammalian 
      counterparts. The structural model of grouper IL-12 heterodimer revealed NC(141)F 
      three amino acid patch of grouper p35, which is present in teleost p35 but absent 
      in mammalian and avian p35, and is spatially nearby the conserved cysteine 
      residue located at A-helix of p35 to form a disulfide bond when the 14aa peptide 
      located at loop 1 of grouper p35 was aligned with human corresponding exon 4, 
      instead of exon 5. The results indicated that the loss of this 3aa patch during 
      evolution was compensated by the duplication of exon 4 in mammalian p35 to gain 
      another cysteine residue to form a disulfide bond, evidenced by chicken p35 which 
      does not contain NCF corresponding 3-aa patch nor exon 4 duplication. 
      Accordingly, the inter-chain disulfide bond of IL-12 heterodimer is conserved 
      from teleost to mammalian IL-12. A single chain grouper IL-12 (scgIL-12) 
      construct linked by (G4S)3 was successfully expressed in baculovirus-insect cell 
      system; its identity has been confirmed by LC/MS/MS. In addition, the biological 
      activity of recombinant scgIL-12 (rscgIL-12) are demonstrated for its stimulation 
      of PBL proliferation, chemotactic migration, induction of TNF-alpha gene expression 
      and a plausible adjuvant effect of prolonged protection against parasite 
      infection in fish. We illustrated the first time in lower vertebrate that grouper 
      IL-12 possesses both cytokine and chemokine activities.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Tsai, Jui-Ling
AU  - Tsai JL
AD  - Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan.
FAU - Priya, T A Jose
AU  - Priya TA
AD  - Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan.
FAU - Hu, Kuang-Yu
AU  - Hu KY
AD  - Department of Bioinformatics, Chung Hua University, Hsin-Chu City 300, Taiwan.
FAU - Yan, Hong-Young
AU  - Yan HY
AD  - Laboratory of Sensory Biology, Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, 
      Academic Sinica, Yi-Lan County 262, Taiwan.
FAU - Shen, San-Tai
AU  - Shen ST
AD  - Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academic Sinica, Taipei City 115, Taiwan. 
      Electronic address: santai@gate.sinica.edu.tw.
FAU - Song, Yen-Ling
AU  - Song YL
AD  - Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan; 
      Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 106, Taiwan. 
      Electronic address: song@ntu.edu.tw.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20131028
PL  - England
TA  - Fish Shellfish Immunol
JT  - Fish & shellfish immunology
JID - 9505220
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-12 Subunit p35)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-12 Subunit p40)
RN  - 0 (Recombinant Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - 187348-17-0 (Interleukin-12)
RN  - 63231-63-0 (RNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptive Immunity/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Proliferation/drug effects
MH  - Chemotaxis/immunology
MH  - Cloning, Molecular
MH  - Immunity, Innate/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-12/*genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-12 Subunit p35/genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-12 Subunit p40/genetics/immunology
MH  - Leukocytes, Mononuclear
MH  - Models, Molecular
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Perciformes/*genetics/immunology
MH  - *Phylogeny
MH  - RNA/chemistry/genetics
MH  - Recombinant Proteins/immunology
MH  - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
MH  - Sequence Alignment
MH  - Sequence Analysis, DNA
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chemotactic migration
OT  - Grouper (Epinephelus coioides)
OT  - IL-12 structure
OT  - PBL proliferation
OT  - TNF-alpha induction
EDAT- 2013/11/02 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/19 06:00
CRDT- 2013/11/02 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/10/03 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/10/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/11/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/19 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1050-4648(13)00806-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.009 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2014 Jan;36(1):27-37. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.10.009. 
      Epub 2013 Oct 28.