PMID- 24217041
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140701
LR  - 20220331
IS  - 1680-0745 (Electronic)
IS  - 1995-1892 (Print)
IS  - 1015-9657 (Linking)
VI  - 24
IP  - 4
DP  - 2013 May
TI  - Pattern of congestive heart failure in a Kenyan paediatric population.
PG  - 117-20
LID - 10.5830/CVJA-2013-015 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Heart failure in children is a common cause of morbidity and 
      mortality, with high socio-economic burden. Its pattern varies between countries 
      but reports from Africa are few. The data are important to inform management and 
      prevention strategies. OBJECTIVE: To describe the pattern of congestive heart 
      failure in a Kenyan paediatric population. METHODS: This was a retrospective 
      study done at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi Kenya. Records of patients aged 
      12 years and younger admitted with a diagnosis of heart failure between January 
      2006 and December 2010 were examined for mode of diagnosis, age, gender, cause, 
      treatment and outcome. Data were analysed using the Statistical Programme for 
      Social Scientists version 16.0 for windows, and presented in tables, bar and pie 
      charts. RESULTS: One hundred and fifty-eight cases (91 male, 67 female) patients' 
      records were analysed. The mean age was 4.7 years, with a peak at 1-3 years. The 
      male: female ratio was 1.4:1. All the cases were in New York Heart Association 
      (NYHA) class II-IV. Evaluation of infants was based on the classification 
      proposed by Ross et al. (1992). Diagnosis was made based on symptoms and signs 
      combined with echocardiography (echo) and electrocardiography (ECG) (38%); echo 
      alone (12.7%); ECG, echo and chest X-ray (CXR) (11.4%); and ECG alone (10.8%). 
      The underlying cause was established on the basis of symptoms, signs, blood 
      tests, CXR, echo and ECG results. Common causes were infection (22.8%), anaemia 
      (17.1%), rheumatic heart disease (14.6%), congenital heart disease (13.3%), 
      cardiomyopathy (7.6%), tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (6.9% each); 
      77.9% of patients recovered, 13.9% after successful surgery, and 7.6% died. 
      CONCLUSION: Congestive heart failure is not uncommon in the Kenyan paediatric 
      population. It occurs mainly before five years of age, and affects boys more than 
      girls. The majority are due to infection, anaemia, and rheumatic and congenital 
      heart diseases. This differs from those in developed countries, where congenital 
      heart disease and cardiomyopathy predominate. The majority of children usually 
      recover. Prudent control of infection and correction of anaemia are recommended.
FAU - Ogeng'o, Julius A
AU  - Ogeng'o JA
AD  - Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Gatonga, Patrick M
AU  - Gatonga PM
FAU - Olabu, Beda O
AU  - Olabu BO
FAU - Nyamweya, Diana K
AU  - Nyamweya DK
FAU - Ong'era, Dennis
AU  - Ong'era D
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - South Africa
TA  - Cardiovasc J Afr
JT  - Cardiovascular journal of Africa
JID - 101313864
SB  - IM
MH  - Age Distribution
MH  - Age of Onset
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Developing Countries
MH  - Female
MH  - Heart Failure/diagnosis/*epidemiology/therapy
MH  - Hospitals, Pediatric
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Kenya/epidemiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Patient Admission
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Sex Distribution
MH  - Sex Factors
PMC - PMC3734873
EDAT- 2013/11/13 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/02 06:00
PMCR- 2013/06/01
CRDT- 2013/11/13 06:00
PHST- 2011/06/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/03/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/11/13 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.5830/CVJA-2013-015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cardiovasc J Afr. 2013 May;24(4):117-20. doi: 10.5830/CVJA-2013-015.