PMID- 24223743
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140820
LR  - 20240326
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 8
IP  - 11
DP  - 2013
TI  - Physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption in association with incidence 
      of type 2 diabetes among middle-aged and elderly Chinese men.
PG  - e77919
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0077919 [doi]
LID - e77919
AB  - BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic disease 
      worldwide. The prevalence of T2DM is increasing rapidly in China. Understanding 
      the contribution of modifiable lifestyle factors on T2DM risk is imperative to 
      prevent the development of T2DM in China. METHODS: We examined associations 
      between lifestyle factors including physical activity, smoking and alcohol 
      consumption with incidence of T2DM among middle-aged and elderly men in urban 
      Shanghai. Information on socio-demographics, lifestyle habits, dietary habits, 
      and disease history was collected via in-person interviews. Anthropometric 
      measurements were taken. A total of 51 464 Chinese men aged 40-74 years free of 
      T2DM, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke at baseline were included in the 
      current study. Incident T2DM was identified through follow-up surveys conducted 
      every 2-3 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses were conducted to evaluate 
      associations between lifestyle risk factors and incidence of T2DM. RESULTS: We 
      documented 1304 new cases of T2DM during 276 929 person-years of follow-up 
      (average: 5.4 years). Physical activity was inversely associated with T2DM risk. 
      Daily living, commuting, and total physical activity METs had inverse negative 
      dose-response relationships with T2DM (P-trend = 0.0033, 0.0022, and <0.0001, 
      respectively). Regular participation in exercise or sports reduced T2DM risk (HR 
      = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.76-0.98). Moderate alcohol intake (1-3 drinks/day) was inversely 
      related to T2DM risk (HR = 0.80, 95%CI: 0.67-0.94). Cigarette smoking, on the 
      other hand, was associated with increased T2DM risk; HRs were 1.25 (95%CI: 
      1.00-1.56) for smoking more than 20 cigarettes per day and 1.28 (95%CI: 
      1.04-1.57) for smoking more than 40 pack-years. CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity 
      and moderate alcohol intake are inversely associated with T2DM risk, whereas 
      smoking was positively associated with T2DM risk among middle-age and elderly 
      Chinese men. Preventive measures should be developed to focus on these modifiable 
      lifestyle habits to reduce the upward trend of T2DM.
FAU - Shi, Liang
AU  - Shi L
AD  - Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Vanderbilt Epidemiology 
      Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States 
      of America ; Department of Diabetes Control and Prevention, Shanghai Municipal 
      Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Shu, Xiao-Ou
AU  - Shu XO
FAU - Li, Honglan
AU  - Li H
FAU - Cai, Hui
AU  - Cai H
FAU - Liu, Qiaolan
AU  - Liu Q
FAU - Zheng, Wei
AU  - Zheng W
FAU - Xiang, Yong-Bing
AU  - Xiang YB
FAU - Villegas, Raquel
AU  - Villegas R
LA  - eng
GR  - D43 TW008313/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 CA082729/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - UM1 CA173640/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43 TX008313/PHS HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
DEP - 20131104
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology/*etiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Incidence
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Motor Activity
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - *Sedentary Behavior
MH  - Smoking/*adverse effects
PMC - PMC3817165
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2013/11/14 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/21 06:00
PMCR- 2013/11/04
CRDT- 2013/11/14 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/13 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/11/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/11/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-24913 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0077919 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2013 Nov 4;8(11):e77919. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077919. eCollection 
      2013.