PMID- 24231673
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140813
LR  - 20161125
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 470-471
DP  - 2014 Feb 1
TI  - Optimization of purification processes to remove polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 
      (PAHs) in polluted raw fish oils.
PG  - 917-24
LID - S0048-9697(13)01205-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.061 [doi]
AB  - Fish oils are one of the main sources of health promoting nutrients such as n-3 
      fatty acids in animal and human diet. Nevertheless, they could be an important 
      source of persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Different strategies of 
      decontamination processes to reduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) levels 
      in fish oils, such as solvent extraction (ethanol) and adsorbent extraction using 
      commercially available (activated carbon) and sustainable adsorbents (mussel 
      shell and wood ashes), were compared. Adsorption conditions were evaluated and 
      optimized by an experimental design and the experimental results were adjusted to 
      response surfaces. In this way, PAH removals increased with increasing of 
      individual PAH molecular weight and they range from 80% to 100% using activated 
      carbon and from 10% to 100% using wood ashes. Pine wood ashes showed similar 
      removal rates to activated carbon (87%-100%) excluding F (51%) and P (42%). No 
      PAH removal was observed using mussel shell ashes. Ethanol extraction was also 
      optimized and showed a good performance in the extraction of PAHs. However, it 
      does affect their omega-3 fatty acid contents. Finally, real oil samples from 
      different fishing areas: Spain, South America, and North Europe were selected for 
      the decontamination experiments under experimental conditions previously 
      optimized.
CI  - (c) 2013.
FAU - Yebra-Pimentel, Iria
AU  - Yebra-Pimentel I
AD  - Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, 
      Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 
      E32004 Ourense, Spain.
FAU - Fernandez-Gonzalez, Ricardo
AU  - Fernandez-Gonzalez R
AD  - Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, 
      Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 
      E32004 Ourense, Spain.
FAU - Martinez-Carballo, Elena
AU  - Martinez-Carballo E
AD  - Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, 
      Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 
      E32004 Ourense, Spain.
FAU - Simal-Gandara, Jesus
AU  - Simal-Gandara J
AD  - Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, 
      Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 
      E32004 Ourense, Spain. Electronic address: jsimal@uvigo.es.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20131112
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
RN  - 0 (Fish Oils)
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Dietary Supplements/*analysis
MH  - Fish Oils/*chemistry
MH  - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/*analysis
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Activated carbon
OT  - Decontamination
OT  - Ethanol
OT  - Fish oil
OT  - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
OT  - Sustainable adsorbents
EDAT- 2013/11/16 06:00
MHDA- 2014/08/15 06:00
CRDT- 2013/11/16 06:00
PHST- 2013/07/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/09/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/10/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/11/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/08/15 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0048-9697(13)01205-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.061 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2014 Feb 1;470-471:917-24. doi: 
      10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.10.061. Epub 2013 Nov 12.