PMID- 24262169
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140711
LR  - 20131122
IS  - 1873-5126 (Electronic)
IS  - 1353-8020 (Linking)
VI  - 20 Suppl 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - Stem cell grafting in parkinsonism--why, how and when.
PG  - S150-3
LID - S1353-8020(13)70036-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/S1353-8020(13)70036-1 [doi]
AB  - Parkinson's disease is a devastating, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that 
      affects the central and peripheral nervous systems. Although recent advancements 
      have led to a better understanding of the disorder, there is currently no 
      long-term disease-modifying strategy. Recently, preclinical data have identified 
      the significant effects of pluripotent stem cell grafting in 6-OHDA and MPTP 
      animal models of motor parkinsonism; there have also been some clinical data in 
      patients with motor parkinsonism. Pluripotent stem cells can nestle in affected 
      organs and can differentiate into a variety of cells, including neural (dopamine 
      producing) cells. Depending on the environment into which they are grafted, these 
      stem cells can also influence immune responses by regulating the activity of 
      B-cells, T-cells, and NK-cells. Pluripotent stem cells can also produce 
      chemotrophins, including BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), GDNF 
      (glial-derived neurotrophic factor), NGF (nerve growth factor), TGF-beta 
      (transforming growth factor-beta), IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1), NT-3 
      (neurotrophin 3), and SCF-1 (stem cell factor 1). Influencing these trophic 
      factors can influence plasticity. This article explores the potential of 
      pluripotent stem cells in the treatment of PD. We will explore the utilization of 
      pluripotent stem cells in the immunomodulation of B-cells, T-cells and NK-cells, 
      the transdifferentiation of pluripotent stems cells into DA-cells, and the 
      secretion of trophic factors and its relation to plasticity. We will also cover 
      how best to conduct a clinical trial, which stem cells can be safely used in 
      patients, what are the methods of induction before application, and how to 
      re-apply stem cells in patients by intravasal, intrathecal or intracerebral 
      methods. Finally, we will describe how to objectively record the clinical 
      results.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - de Munter, Johannes P J M
AU  - de Munter JP
AD  - University Maastricht, Department of Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), 
      Maastricht, The Netherlands; Amarna Stem Cells, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
FAU - Melamed, Eldad
AU  - Melamed E
FAU - Wolters, Erik Ch
AU  - Wolters ECh
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Parkinsonism Relat Disord
JT  - Parkinsonism & related disorders
JID - 9513583
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - Parkinsonian Disorders/*surgery
MH  - Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods
MH  - Stem Cells/*physiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - BDNF
OT  - GDNF
OT  - Mesenchymal stem cells
OT  - Neuroprotection
OT  - Parkinsonism
OT  - Stem cells
EDAT- 2013/11/23 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/12 06:00
CRDT- 2013/11/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/12 06:00 [medline]
AID - S1353-8020(13)70036-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/S1353-8020(13)70036-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2014 Jan;20 Suppl 1:S150-3. doi: 
      10.1016/S1353-8020(13)70036-1.