PMID- 24263642
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140717
LR  - 20240318
IS  - 1536-3694 (Electronic)
IS  - 0163-4356 (Print)
IS  - 0163-4356 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 6
DP  - 2013 Dec
TI  - Identifying methamphetamine exposure in children.
PG  - 823-30
LID - 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31829685b2 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Methamphetamine (MAMP) use, distribution, and manufacture remain a 
      serious public health and safety problem in the United States, and children 
      environmentally exposed to MAMP face a myriad of developmental, social, and 
      health risks, including severe abuse and neglect necessitating child protection 
      involvement. It is recommended that drug-endangered children receive medical 
      evaluation and care with documentation of overall physical and mental conditions 
      and have urine drug testing. The primary aim of this study was to determine the 
      best biological matrix to detect MAMP, amphetamine (AMP), 
      methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and 
      3,4-methylenedioxyethylamphetamine (MDEA) in environmentally exposed children. 
      METHODS: Ninety-one children, environmentally exposed to household MAMP intake, 
      were medically evaluated at the Child and Adolescent Abuse Resource and 
      Evaluation Diagnostic and Treatment Center at the University of California, Davis 
      Children's Hospital. MAMP, AMP, MDMA, MDA, and MDEA were quantified in urine and 
      oral fluid (OF) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry and in hair by liquid 
      chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: Overall drug detection rates in 
      OF, urine, and hair were 6.9%, 22.1%, and 77.8%, respectively. Seventy children 
      (79%) tested positive for 1 or more drugs in 1 or more matrices. MAMP was the 
      primary analyte detected in all 3 biological matrices. All positive OF (n = 5), 
      and 18 of 19 positive urine specimens also had a positive hair test. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Hair analysis offered a more sensitive tool for identifying MAMP, AMP, and MDMA 
      environmental exposure in children than urine or OF testing. A negative urine or 
      hair test does not exclude the possibility of drug exposure, but hair testing 
      provided the greatest sensitivity for identifying drug-exposed children.
FAU - Castaneto, Marisol S
AU  - Castaneto MS
AD  - *Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, Intramural Research Program, National Institute 
      on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD; daggerPsychemedics 
      Corporation, Culver City, CA; double daggerData, Benchmark and Evaluation Section, Maternal, 
      Child and Adolescent Health Division, California Department of Public Health, 
      Sacramento, CA; and  section signStudent Health Service, California State University, Chico, 
      CA.
FAU - Barnes, Allan J
AU  - Barnes AJ
FAU - Scheidweiler, Karl B
AU  - Scheidweiler KB
FAU - Schaffer, Michael
AU  - Schaffer M
FAU - Rogers, Kristen K
AU  - Rogers KK
FAU - Stewart, Deborah
AU  - Stewart D
FAU - Huestis, Marilyn A
AU  - Huestis MA
LA  - eng
GR  - Z01 DA000412-11/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - Z01 DA000412-10/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA DA000412-12/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - Z99 DA999999/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - ZIA DA000412/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
GR  - Z01 DA000412/ImNIH/Intramural NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
PL  - United States
TA  - Ther Drug Monit
JT  - Therapeutic drug monitoring
JID - 7909660
RN  - 0 (Amphetamines)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Amphetamine-Related Disorders/*epidemiology
MH  - Amphetamines/*analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - Chromatography, Liquid/methods
MH  - Environmental Exposure/analysis
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/methods
MH  - Hair/chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - Methamphetamine/*analysis
MH  - Sensitivity and Specificity
MH  - Substance Abuse Detection/*methods
PMC - PMC3838616
MID - NIHMS479006
COIS- The authors declared no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2013/11/23 06:00
MHDA- 2014/07/18 06:00
PMCR- 2014/12/01
CRDT- 2013/11/23 06:00
PHST- 2013/11/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/11/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/07/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/12/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 00007691-201312000-00012 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31829685b2 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Ther Drug Monit. 2013 Dec;35(6):823-30. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0b013e31829685b2.