PMID- 24307780
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140502
LR  - 20220408
IS  - 2219-2840 (Electronic)
IS  - 1007-9327 (Print)
IS  - 1007-9327 (Linking)
VI  - 19
IP  - 44
DP  - 2013 Nov 28
TI  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors and chronic hepatitis C: a comprehensive 
      literature review.
PG  - 7867-73
LID - 10.3748/wjg.v19.i44.7867 [doi]
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) inhibitors are known to increase reactivation of 
      concurrent chronic hepatitis B, but their impact on the hepatitis C virus (HCV) 
      is controversial. Some conditions of immunosuppression, such as liver 
      transplantation, typically cause an increase in the rate of HCV evolution. 
      Inhibition of TNF-alpha, a cytokine involved in the apoptotic signaling pathway of 
      hepatocytes infected by HCV, could potentially increase viral replication. 
      Currently available clinical data appear to contradict this hypothesis. A review 
      of medical literature revealed that a total of 216 patients with HCV were exposed 
      to one or more treatments with TNF-alpha inhibitors, with a median observation time 
      of 1.2 years and 260 cumulative patient-years of exposure. Only three cases of 
      drug withdrawal due to suspected HCV liver disease recrudescence were reported. 
      Treatment with TNF-alpha inhibitors in patients with HCV infection appears to be safe 
      in the short term, but there are insufficient data to assess their long-term 
      safety. Universal screening for HCV before beginning treatment with TNF-alpha 
      inhibitors is currently controversial. The presence of HCV is not a 
      contraindication to therapy with TNF-alpha inhibitors, with the exception of 
      cirrhotic patients. In cases of cirrhosis, the benefit/risk ratio should be 
      evaluated at the individual level. Prior to treatment with TNF-alpha inhibitors, 
      patients with HCV should be referred to a hepatologist to determine the necessity 
      of hepatic disease assessment, using liver biopsy or non-invasive methods, and 
      the potential indication for antiviral therapy. In patients with HCV infection 
      who are treated with TNF-alpha inhibitors, liver function monitoring every three 
      months is advised.
FAU - Pompili, Maurizio
AU  - Pompili M
AD  - Maurizio Pompili, Marco Biolato, Luca Miele, Antonio Grieco, Department of 
      Internal Medicine, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 8-00168 Roma, Italy.
FAU - Biolato, Marco
AU  - Biolato M
FAU - Miele, Luca
AU  - Miele L
FAU - Grieco, Antonio
AU  - Grieco A
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - World J Gastroenterol
JT  - World journal of gastroenterology
JID - 100883448
RN  - 0 (Antiviral Agents)
RN  - 0 (Immunosuppressive Agents)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antiviral Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Drug Monitoring
MH  - Hepacivirus/*drug effects
MH  - Hepatitis C, Chronic/diagnosis/*drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunosuppressive Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use
MH  - Risk Factors
MH  - Treatment Outcome
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism
PMC - PMC3848134
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adalimumab
OT  - Etanercept
OT  - Hepatitis C virus
OT  - Inflammatory bowel disease
OT  - Infliximab
OT  - Psoriasis
OT  - Rheumatoid arthritis
EDAT- 2013/12/07 06:00
MHDA- 2014/05/03 06:00
PMCR- 2013/11/28
CRDT- 2013/12/06 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/10/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/11/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/12/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/12/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/05/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2013/11/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3748/wjg.v19.i44.7867 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov 28;19(44):7867-73. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i44.7867.