PMID- 24334006
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140416
LR  - 20140106
IS  - 1879-1514 (Electronic)
IS  - 0166-445X (Linking)
VI  - 146
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - MRNA expression of genes regulating lipid metabolism in ringed seals (Pusa 
      hispida) from differently polluted areas.
PG  - 239-46
LID - S0166-445X(13)00330-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.015 [doi]
AB  - There is a growing concern about the ability of persistent organic pollutants 
      (POPs) to influence lipid metabolism. Although POPs are found at high 
      concentrations in some populations of marine mammals, for example in the ringed 
      seal (Pusa hispida) from the Baltic Sea, little is known about the effects of 
      POPs on their lipid metabolism. An optimal regulation of lipid metabolism is 
      crucial for ringed seals during the fasting/molting season. This is a 
      physiologically stressful period, during which they rely on the energy stored in 
      their fat reserves. The mRNA expression levels for seven genes involved in lipid 
      metabolism were analyzed in liver and/or blubber tissue from molting ringed seals 
      from the polluted Baltic Sea and a less polluted reference location, Svalbard 
      (Norway). mRNA expression of genes encoding peroxisome proliferator-activated 
      receptors (PPAR) alpha and gamma and their target genes acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) 
      and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) were analyzed in liver. mRNA expression 
      level of genes encoding PPARbeta, PPARgamma and their target genes encoding fatty acid 
      binding protein 4 (FABP4) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) were measured in inner and 
      middle blubber layers. In addition, we evaluated the influence of molting status 
      on hepatic mRNA expression of genes encoding PPARs and their target genes in 
      ringed seals from Svalbard. Our results show higher mRNA expression of genes 
      encoding hepatic PPARgamma and adipose PPARbeta, FABP4, and ADIPOQ in the Baltic seals 
      compared to the Svalbard seals. A positive relationship between mRNA expressions 
      of genes encoding hepatic PPARgamma, adipose FABP4, adipose ADIPOQ and SigmaPOP 
      concentrations was observed. These findings suggest that lipid metabolism may be 
      affected by contaminant exposure in the Baltic population. mRNA expression of 
      genes encoding PPARbeta, PPARgamma, FABP4 and ADIPOQ were similar between the mid and 
      inner adipose layer. Hepatic mRNA expression of genes encoding PPARalpha and PPARgamma 
      was higher in the pre-molting individuals compared to the molting ones 
      highlighting differential regulation of these metabolic sensors through the 
      molting period.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Castelli, Martina Galatea
AU  - Castelli MG
AD  - Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, 9296 Tromso, Norway; University of 
      Bergen, Department of Biology, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
FAU - Rusten, Marte
AU  - Rusten M
AD  - University of Bergen, Department of Biology, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
FAU - Goksoyr, Anders
AU  - Goksoyr A
AD  - University of Bergen, Department of Biology, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
FAU - Routti, Heli
AU  - Routti H
AD  - Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, 9296 Tromso, Norway. Electronic address: 
      heli.routti@npolar.no.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20131201
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Aquat Toxicol
JT  - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
JID - 8500246
RN  - 0 (Lipids)
RN  - 0 (PPAR gamma)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adipose Tissue/chemistry/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Animals
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects
MH  - Lipid Metabolism/*genetics
MH  - Lipids/analysis
MH  - Liver/chemistry/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - PPAR gamma/genetics
MH  - RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Seals, Earless/genetics/metabolism/*physiology
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*toxicity
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - ACOX1
OT  - ADIPOQ
OT  - Baltic Sea
OT  - CD36
OT  - FABP4
OT  - Lipid metabolism
OT  - NR
OT  - POPs
OT  - PPARalpha
OT  - PPARbeta
OT  - PPARgamma
OT  - Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
OT  - RXR
OT  - Ringed seal
OT  - TR
OT  - acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1
OT  - adiponecin
OT  - cluster of differentiation 36
OT  - fatty acid binding protein 4
OT  - nuclear receptors
OT  - peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
OT  - peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta
OT  - peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
OT  - persistent organic pollutants
OT  - retinoid X receptor
OT  - thyroid hormone receptor
EDAT- 2013/12/18 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/17 06:00
CRDT- 2013/12/17 06:00
PHST- 2013/06/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/11/13 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/11/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2013/12/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/12/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/17 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0166-445X(13)00330-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.015 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Aquat Toxicol. 2014 Jan;146:239-46. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2013.11.015. Epub 2013 
      Dec 1.