PMID- 24348070
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20131218
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1179-1349 (Print)
IS  - 1179-1349 (Electronic)
IS  - 1179-1349 (Linking)
VI  - 5
DP  - 2013
TI  - Lifestyle factors among proton pump inhibitor users and nonusers: a 
      cross-sectional study in a population-based setting.
PG  - 493-9
LID - 10.2147/CLEP.S49354 [doi]
AB  - PURPOSE: Lifestyle factors may influence observed associations between proton 
      pump inhibitor (PPI) usage and health outcomes. The aim of the study reported 
      here was to examine characteristics and differences in lifestyle among PPI users 
      and nonusers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilized data from a 2006 
      population-based health survey of 21,637 persons in the Central Danish Region. 
      All persons using prescribed PPIs were identified through linkage to a 
      population-based prescription database. Biometric measures and prevalence of 
      smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, diet, and physical exercise were 
      analyzed, comparing PPI users with nonusers. RESULTS: Among 10,129 (46.8%) male 
      and 11,508 (53.2%) female survey respondents, 1,356 (13.4%) males and 1,691 
      (14.7%) females reported ever use of PPIs. PPI users were more obese (16.7%) than 
      nonusers (13.1%), with an age- and sex-standardized prevalence ratio (PR) of 1.3 
      (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2-1.4). The prevalence of smokers was also 
      higher in the PPI group (26.2% vs 22.3% [PR =1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.3]), as was the 
      prevalence of ex-smokers (41.0% vs 32.0% [PR =1.2, 95% CI: 1.1-1.2]). Unhealthy 
      diet was slightly more common among PPI users than among nonusers (15.4% vs 
      13.0%), with a PR of 1.2 (95% CI: 1.1-1.3). Physical exercise level and alcohol 
      consumption were similar in the two groups. Hospital-diagnosed comorbidity was 
      observed in 35% of PPI users (a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 1 or more) 
      compared with only 15% among nonusers. CONCLUSION: PPI users are more obese, 
      smoke more, and have significantly more comorbidities than PPI nonusers. These 
      data are important when evaluating unmeasured confounding in observational 
      studies of PPI effects.
FAU - Hvid-Jensen, Frederik
AU  - Hvid-Jensen F
AD  - Department of Surgical Gastroenterology L, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, 
      Denmark.
FAU - Nielsen, Rikke B
AU  - Nielsen RB
AD  - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus 
      University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Pedersen, Lars
AU  - Pedersen L
AD  - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus 
      University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Funch-Jensen, Peter
AU  - Funch-Jensen P
AD  - Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
FAU - Drewes, Asbjorn Mohr
AU  - Drewes AM
AD  - Mech-Sense Centre, Department of Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, 
      Aalborg, Denmark.
FAU - Larsen, Finn B
AU  - Larsen FB
AD  - Public Health and Quality Improvement, Central Denmark Region, Denmark.
FAU - Thomsen, Reimar W
AU  - Thomsen RW
AD  - Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus 
      University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20131204
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Clin Epidemiol
JT  - Clinical epidemiology
JID - 101531700
PMC - PMC3857010
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PPI
OT  - gastroesophageal reflux
OT  - obesity
OT  - population-based
OT  - reflux
OT  - smoking
EDAT- 2013/12/19 06:00
MHDA- 2013/12/19 06:01
PMCR- 2013/12/04
CRDT- 2013/12/19 06:00
PHST- 2013/12/19 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2013/12/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2013/12/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2013/12/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - clep-5-493 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/CLEP.S49354 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Clin Epidemiol. 2013 Dec 4;5:493-9. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S49354. eCollection 2013.