PMID- 24393761
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140305
LR  - 20220410
IS  - 1941-9260 (Electronic)
IS  - 0032-5481 (Linking)
VI  - 126
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014 Jan
TI  - Nutritional management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and pharmacologic 
      therapies to facilitate weight loss.
PG  - 139-52
LID - 10.3810/pgm.2014.01.2734 [doi]
AB  - Diet plays an integral role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 
      Unfortunately, many patients with T2DM do not have access to a registered 
      dietitian or certified diabetes educator, and rates of physician counseling about 
      diet remain low. This article provides an overview of the current recommendations 
      for the nutritional management of T2DM, which are endorsed by the American 
      Diabetes Association (ADA). Medical nutrition therapy, which provides a flexible 
      and individualized approach to diet, emphasizes the total number (rather than the 
      type) of carbohydrate consumed. Because fat intake also affects glycemia and 
      cardiovascular risk, a reduction in daily mono- and polyunsaturated fat intake is 
      recommended for most patients with T2DM. Weight loss plays an important adjunct 
      role in treating patients with T2DM, because the majority of individuals with 
      T2DM are overweight or obese. Patient lifestyle modification, which encompasses 
      diet, physical activity, and behavioral therapy, can be used to facilitate weight 
      loss in conjunction with several different dietary approaches. These include 
      low-carbohydrate, low-fat, low-glycemic index, and Mediterranean diets. Studies 
      have demonstrated that modest weight loss (5%-10% of body weight) is associated 
      with significant improvements in patient measures of glycemic control, lipids, 
      blood pressure, and other cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, a modest 
      weight loss of as little as 4.5 kg can result in reducing the glycated hemoglobin 
      level by approximately 0.5%. Pharmacologic agents, when combined with these 
      approaches, may further augment weight loss. Familiarity with these principles 
      can help physicians provide dietary counseling to their patients with T2DM and 
      obesity.
FAU - Vetter, Marion L
AU  - Vetter ML
AD  - Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School 
      of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA. 
      Marion.Vetter@uphs.upenn.edu.
FAU - Amaro, Anastassia
AU  - Amaro A
FAU - Volger, Sheri
AU  - Volger S
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - England
TA  - Postgrad Med
JT  - Postgraduate medicine
JID - 0401147
RN  - 0 (Anti-Obesity Agents)
RN  - 0 (Antidepressive Agents)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anti-Obesity Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*diet therapy/therapy
MH  - Diet
MH  - Food
MH  - Health Behavior
MH  - Humans
MH  - Life Style
MH  - Obesity/*diet therapy/therapy
MH  - *Weight Loss
EDAT- 2014/01/08 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/07 06:00
CRDT- 2014/01/08 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.3810/pgm.2014.01.2734 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Postgrad Med. 2014 Jan;126(1):139-52. doi: 10.3810/pgm.2014.01.2734.