PMID- 24400080
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140910
LR  - 20211203
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014
TI  - Evolution of human longevity uncoupled from caloric restriction mechanisms.
PG  - e84117
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0084117 [doi]
LID - e84117
AB  - Caloric restriction (CR) and chemical agents, such as resveratrol and rapamycin 
      that partially mimic the CR effect, can delay morbidity and mortality across a 
      broad range of species. In humans, however, the effects of CR or other 
      life-extending agents have not yet been investigated systematically. Human 
      maximal lifespan is already substantially greater compared to that of closely 
      related primate species. It is therefore possible that humans have acquired 
      genetic mutations that mimic the CR effect. Here, we tested this notion by 
      comparing transcriptome differences between humans and other primates, with the 
      transcriptome changes observed in mice subjected to CR. We show that the human 
      transcriptome state, relative to other primate transcriptomes, does not match 
      that of the CR mice or mice treated with resveratrol, but resembles the 
      transcriptome state of ad libitum fed mice. At the same time, the transcriptome 
      changes induced by CR in mice are enriched among genes showing age-related 
      changes in primates, concentrated in specific expression patterns, and can be 
      linked with specific functional pathways, including insulin signalling, cancer, 
      and the immune response. These findings indicate that the evolution of human 
      longevity was likely independent of CR-induced lifespan extension mechanisms. 
      Consequently, application of CR or CR-mimicking agents may yet offer a promising 
      direction for the extension of healthy human lifespan.
FAU - Zhao, Guodong
AU  - Zhao G
AD  - CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for 
      Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ; Graduate 
      School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
FAU - Guo, Song
AU  - Guo S
AD  - CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for 
      Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
FAU - Somel, Mehmet
AU  - Somel M
AD  - CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for 
      Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ; Department of 
      Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
FAU - Khaitovich, Philipp
AU  - Khaitovich P
AD  - CAS-MPG Partner Institute for Computational Biology, Shanghai Institutes for 
      Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China ; Max Planck 
      Institutes for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140106
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Stilbenes)
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - Q369O8926L (Resveratrol)
RN  - W36ZG6FT64 (Sirolimus)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aging/physiology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Brain/drug effects/metabolism
MH  - *Caloric Restriction
MH  - Cluster Analysis
MH  - Gene Expression Profiling
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longevity/*physiology
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Male
MH  - Mice
MH  - Pan troglodytes
MH  - Resveratrol
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - Sirolimus/metabolism
MH  - Stilbenes/pharmacology
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
PMC - PMC3882206
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/01/09 06:00
MHDA- 2014/09/11 06:00
PMCR- 2014/01/06
CRDT- 2014/01/09 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/11/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/01/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/09/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/01/06 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-19743 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0084117 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Jan 6;9(1):e84117. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084117. eCollection 
      2014.