PMID- 24418560
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140407
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1096-0341 (Electronic)
IS  - 0042-6822 (Print)
IS  - 0042-6822 (Linking)
VI  - 449
DP  - 2014 Jan 20
TI  - Dynamics of viremia in primary HIV-1 infection in Africans: insights from 
      analyses of host and viral correlates.
PG  - 254-62
LID - S0042-6822(13)00646-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.virol.2013.11.024 [doi]
AB  - In HIV-1 infection, plasma viral load (VL) has dual implications for pathogenesis 
      and public health. Based on well-known patterns of HIV-1 evolution and immune 
      escape, we hypothesized that VL is an evolving quantitative trait that depends 
      heavily on duration of infection (DOI), demographic features, human leukocyte 
      antigen (HLA) genotypes and viral characteristics. Prospective data from 421 
      African seroconverters with at least four eligible visits did show relatively 
      steady VL beyond 3 months of untreated infection, but host and viral factors 
      independently associated with cross-sectional and longitudinal VL often varied by 
      analytical approaches and sliding time windows. Specifically, the effects of age, 
      HLA-B(⁎)53 and infecting HIV-1 subtypes (A1, C and others) on VL were either 
      sporadic or highly sensitive to time windows. These observations were 
      strengthened by the addition of 111 seroconverters with 2-3 eligible VL results, 
      suggesting that DOI should be a critical parameter in epidemiological and 
      clinical studies.
CI  - (c) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
FAU - Prentice, Heather A
AU  - Prentice HA
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 
      USA.
FAU - Price, Matthew A
AU  - Price MA
AD  - International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York City, NY, USA; Department of 
      Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
FAU - Porter, Travis R
AU  - Porter TR
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 
      USA.
FAU - Cormier, Emmanuel
AU  - Cormier E
AD  - International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Human Immunology Laboratory, Chelsea and 
      Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
FAU - Mugavero, Michael J
AU  - Mugavero MJ
AD  - Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
FAU - Kamali, Anatoli
AU  - Kamali A
AD  - MRC/UVRI Uganda Virus Research Unit on AIDS, Masaka Site, Masaka, Uganda.
FAU - Karita, Etienne
AU  - Karita E
AD  - Projet San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda.
FAU - Lakhi, Shabir
AU  - Lakhi S
AD  - Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia.
FAU - Sanders, Eduard J
AU  - Sanders EJ
AD  - Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute 
      (KEMRI), Kilifi, Kenya; Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, 
      University of Oxford, Headington, UK.
FAU - Anzala, Omu
AU  - Anzala O
AD  - Kenya AIDS Vaccine Initiative (KAVI), Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Amornkul, Pauli N
AU  - Amornkul PN
AD  - International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York City, NY, USA.
FAU - Allen, Susan
AU  - Allen S
AD  - Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Pathology and 
      Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Hunter, Eric
AU  - Hunter E
AD  - Vaccine Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
FAU - Kaslow, Richard A
AU  - Kaslow RA
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 
      USA.
FAU - Gilmour, Jill
AU  - Gilmour J
AD  - International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Human Immunology Laboratory, Chelsea and 
      Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
FAU - Tang, Jianming
AU  - Tang J
AD  - Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 
      USA; Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 
      USA. Electronic address: jtang@uab.edu.
CN  - IAVI Africa HIV Prevention Partnership
LA  - eng
GR  - P51 OD011132/OD/NIH HHS/United States
GR  - FIC2D43TW001042/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI064060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 092654/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom
GR  - AI071906/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AI071906/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 AI064060/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - D43 TW001042/TW/FIC NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20131212
PL  - United States
TA  - Virology
JT  - Virology
JID - 0110674
RN  - 0 (Antibodies, Viral)
RN  - 0 (HLA Antigens)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Africa/epidemiology
MH  - Antibodies, Viral/blood
MH  - Black People
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - HIV Infections/epidemiology/genetics/immunology/*virology
MH  - HIV-1/genetics/*physiology
MH  - HLA Antigens/genetics/immunology
MH  - *Host-Pathogen Interactions
MH  - Humans
MH  - Longitudinal Studies
MH  - Male
MH  - Viral Load
MH  - Viremia/epidemiology/genetics/immunology/*virology
PMC - PMC3931417
MID - NIHMS544103
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Africa
OT  - HIV-1
OT  - HLA
OT  - Statistical models
OT  - Subtype
OT  - Viral load
COIS- Competing Interests The authors declare no conflict of interests.
EDAT- 2014/01/15 06:00
MHDA- 2014/04/08 06:00
PMCR- 2015/01/20
CRDT- 2014/01/15 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/10/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2013/11/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/01/15 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/15 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/04/08 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2015/01/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S0042-6822(13)00646-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.virol.2013.11.024 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Virology. 2014 Jan 20;449:254-62. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.11.024. Epub 2013 Dec 
      12.