PMID- 24424732
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20170104
LR  - 20170105
IS  - 1544-2217 (Electronic)
IS  - 0300-9858 (Linking)
VI  - 51
IP  - 6
DP  - 2014 Nov
TI  - Processionary caterpillar setae and equine fetal loss: 2. Histopathology of the 
      fetal-placental unit from experimentally exposed mares.
PG  - 1131-42
LID - 10.1177/0300985813516639 [doi]
AB  - Pregnant mares were experimentally exposed to whole caterpillar or exoskeleton of 
      the Processionary caterpillar (Ochrogaster lunifer) via gavage. Tissues were 
      collected from resulting abortions and near or full-term pregnancies consisting 
      of 13 aborted fetuses, 3 fetuses from treated euthanized mares, membranes of 5 
      foals, and organs from 3 foals. Three control membranes and 1 control fetus and 
      membranes were examined. Caterpillar setal fragments were present in the 
      allantochorion of the 3 fetuses from the euthanized mares and 11 of 12 aborted 
      fetuses (92%) embedded in the chorion (villi or stroma) or allantois (vasculature 
      or stroma). Placental locations of fragments ranged from the cervical pole region 
      to the body encompassing the umbilical insertion and pregnant horn. Numbers in 
      each fetus ranged from 1 to 7 fragments. Setae were present in the allantochorion 
      from 2 to 22 days after the initial treatment. Acute to chronic active 
      inflammation was present in all aborted fetuses, all euthanized fetuses, and 
      within at least 1 tissue level (chorion, allantois, umbilical cord, or amnion) of 
      the membranes from full-term foals. Amnionitis, funisitis, and allantoitis were 
      present in 95% of the examined membranes. Pneumonia was present in 95% of the 
      specimens, and bacteria were present histologically in 90.5% of the specimens 
      with or without accompanying inflammation. The rapid migration of setae within 2 
      days after mare exposure suggests that direct setal migration into the fetal 
      membranes is a likely initiating factor for equine amnionitis and fetal loss 
      (EAFL).
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2014.
FAU - Todhunter, K H
AU  - Todhunter KH
AD  - Equine Research Unit, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of 
      Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia todhunter@westnet.com.au.
FAU - Cawdell-Smith, A J
AU  - Cawdell-Smith AJ
AD  - Equine Research Unit, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of 
      Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Bryden, W L
AU  - Bryden WL
AD  - Equine Research Unit, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of 
      Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Perkins, N R
AU  - Perkins NR
AD  - Equine Research Unit, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of 
      Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia AusVet Animal Health Services, 
      Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Begg, A P
AU  - Begg AP
AD  - Vetnostics, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140114
PL  - United States
TA  - Vet Pathol
JT  - Veterinary pathology
JID - 0312020
SB  - IM
MH  - Aborted Fetus/microbiology/pathology
MH  - *Abortion, Veterinary/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chorioamnionitis/microbiology/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Female
MH  - Fetal Death/etiology
MH  - Gastroenteritis/microbiology/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Horse Diseases/microbiology/*pathology
MH  - Horses
MH  - Moths/microbiology/*physiology
MH  - Placenta/microbiology/pathology
MH  - Pneumonia, Bacterial/microbiology/pathology/*veterinary
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Sensilla/microbiology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - EAFL
OT  - abortion
OT  - amnionitis
OT  - caterpillar
OT  - fetus
OT  - funisitis
OT  - mare
OT  - placenta
OT  - setae
EDAT- 2014/01/16 06:00
MHDA- 2017/01/05 06:00
CRDT- 2014/01/16 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/16 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2017/01/05 06:00 [medline]
AID - 0300985813516639 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/0300985813516639 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Pathol. 2014 Nov;51(6):1131-42. doi: 10.1177/0300985813516639. Epub 2014 Jan 
      14.