PMID- 24432017 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE DCOM- 20140116 LR - 20211021 IS - 1664-3224 (Print) IS - 1664-3224 (Electronic) IS - 1664-3224 (Linking) VI - 4 DP - 2014 Jan 7 TI - Non-Myeloid Cells are Major Contributors to Innate Immune Responses via Production of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1/CCL2. PG - 482 LID - 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00482 [doi] LID - 482 AB - Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 is a chemokine regulating the recruitment of monocytes into sites of inflammation and cancer. MCP-1 can be produced by a variety of cell types, such as macrophages, neutrophils, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. Notably, macrophages produce high levels of MCP-1 in response to proinflammatory stimuli in vitro, leading to the hypothesis that macrophages are the major source of MCP-1 during inflammatory responses in vivo. In stark contrast to the hypothesis, however, there was no significant reduction in MCP-1 protein or the number of infiltrating macrophages in the peritoneal inflammatory exudates of myeloid cell-specific MCP-1-deficient mice in response to i.p injection of thioglycollate or zymosan A. Furthermore, injection of LPS into skin air pouch also had no effect on local MCP-1 production in myeloid-specific MCP-1-deficient mice. Finally, myeloid-specific MCP-1-deficiency did not reduce MCP-1 mRNA expression or macrophage infiltration in LPS-induced lung injury. These results indicate that non-myeloid cells, in response to a variety of stimulants, play a previously unappreciated role in innate immune responses as the primary source of MCP-1. FAU - Yoshimura, Teizo AU - Yoshimura T AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Galligan, Carole AU - Galligan C AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Takahashi, Munehisa AU - Takahashi M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Chen, Keqiang AU - Chen K AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Liu, Mingyong AU - Liu M AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Tessarollo, Lino AU - Tessarollo L AD - Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. FAU - Wang, Ji Ming AU - Wang JM AD - Laboratory of Molecular Immunoregulation, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute , Frederick, MD , USA. LA - eng GR - HHSN261200800001C/RC/CCR NIH HHS/United States GR - HHSN261200800001E/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article DEP - 20140107 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Immunol JT - Frontiers in immunology JID - 101560960 PMC - PMC3882876 OTO - NOTNLM OT - chemokines OT - gene knockout mice OT - inflammation OT - innate immunity OT - myeloid cells EDAT- 2014/01/17 06:00 MHDA- 2014/01/17 06:01 PMCR- 2013/01/01 CRDT- 2014/01/17 06:00 PHST- 2013/11/06 00:00 [received] PHST- 2013/12/09 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/01/17 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/01/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/01/17 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2013/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00482 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Immunol. 2014 Jan 7;4:482. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00482. eCollection 2014 Jan 7.