PMID- 24442514
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20150420
LR  - 20151119
IS  - 1432-5233 (Electronic)
IS  - 0940-5429 (Linking)
VI  - 51
IP  - 4
DP  - 2014 Aug
TI  - Stage of change and motivation to healthy diet and habitual physical activity in 
      type 2 diabetes.
PG  - 559-66
LID - 10.1007/s00592-013-0551-1 [doi]
AB  - Lifestyle changes to healthy diet (HD) and habitual physical activity (HPA) are 
      recommended in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Yet, for most people with 
      diabetes, it may be difficult to start changing. We investigated the stage of 
      change toward healthier lifestyles according to Prochaska's model, and the 
      associated psychological factors in T2DM patients, as a prerequisite to improve 
      strategies to implement behavior changes in the population. A total of 1,353 
      consecutive outpatients with T2DM attending 14 tertiary centers for diabetes 
      treatment completed the validated EMME-3 questionnaire, consisting of two 
      parallel sets of instruments to define the stage of change for HD and HPA, 
      respectively. Logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated 
      with stages that may hinder behavioral changes. A stage of change favoring 
      progress to healthier behaviors was more common in the area of HD than in HPA, 
      with higher scores in action and maintenance. Differences were observed in 
      relation to gender, age and duration of disease. After adjustment for 
      confounders, resistance to change toward HD was associated with higher body mass 
      index (BMI) (odds ratio (OR) 1.05; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.08). 
      Resistance to improve HPA also increased with BMI (OR 1.06; 95 % CI 1.03-1.10) 
      and decreased with education level (OR 0.74; 95 % CI 0.64-0.92). Changing 
      lifestyle, particularly in the area of HPA, is not perceived as an essential part 
      of treatment by many subjects with T2DM. This evidence must be considered when 
      planning behavioral programs, and specific interventions are needed to promote 
      adherence to HPA.
FAU - Centis, E
AU  - Centis E
AD  - Unit of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Dietetics, Alma Mater University of 
      Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
FAU - Trento, M
AU  - Trento M
FAU - Dei Cas, A
AU  - Dei Cas A
FAU - Pontiroli, A E
AU  - Pontiroli AE
FAU - De Feo, P
AU  - De Feo P
FAU - Bruno, A
AU  - Bruno A
FAU - Sasdelli, A S
AU  - Sasdelli AS
FAU - Arturi, F
AU  - Arturi F
FAU - Strollo, F
AU  - Strollo F
FAU - Vigili De' Kreutzenberg, S
AU  - Vigili De' Kreutzenberg S
FAU - Invitti, C
AU  - Invitti C
FAU - Di Bonito, P
AU  - Di Bonito P
FAU - Di Mauro, M
AU  - Di Mauro M
FAU - Pugliese, G
AU  - Pugliese G
FAU - Molteni, A
AU  - Molteni A
FAU - Marchesini, G
AU  - Marchesini G
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20140120
PL  - Germany
TA  - Acta Diabetol
JT  - Acta diabetologica
JID - 9200299
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Aged, 80 and over
MH  - Body Mass Index
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*diet therapy/psychology
MH  - Diet
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Life Style
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - *Motivation
MH  - *Motor Activity
MH  - Surveys and Questionnaires
EDAT- 2014/01/21 06:00
MHDA- 2015/04/22 06:00
CRDT- 2014/01/21 06:00
PHST- 2013/09/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/12/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/01/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2015/04/22 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s00592-013-0551-1 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Diabetol. 2014 Aug;51(4):559-66. doi: 10.1007/s00592-013-0551-1. Epub 2014 
      Jan 20.