PMID- 24454866
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141229
LR  - 20211021
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 1
DP  - 2014
TI  - Long-term sorption of metals is similar among plastic types: implications for 
      plastic debris in aquatic environments.
PG  - e85433
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0085433 [doi]
LID - e85433
AB  - Concerns regarding plastic debris and its ability to accumulate large 
      concentrations of priority pollutants in the aquatic environment led us to 
      quantify relationships between different types of mass-produced plastic and 
      metals in seawater. At three locations in San Diego Bay, we measured the 
      accumulation of nine targeted metals (aluminum, chromium, manganese, iron, 
      cobalt, nickel, zinc, cadmium and lead) sampling at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, to 
      five plastic types: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high-density polyethylene 
      (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and 
      polypropylene (PP). Accumulation patterns were not consistent over space and 
      time, and in general all types of plastic tended to accumulate similar 
      concentrations of metals. When we did observe significant differences among 
      concentrations of metals at a single sampling period or location in San Diego 
      Bay, we found that HDPE typically accumulated lesser concentrations of metals 
      than the other four polymers. Furthermore, over the 12-month study period, 
      concentrations of all metals increased over time, and chromium, manganese, 
      cobalt, nickel, zinc and lead did not reach saturation on at least one plastic 
      type during the entire 12-month exposure. This suggests that plastic debris may 
      accumulate greater concentrations of metals the longer it remains at sea. 
      Overall, our work shows that a complex mixture of metals, including those listed 
      as priority pollutants by the US EPA (Cd, Ni, Zn and Pb), can be found on plastic 
      debris composed of various plastic types.
FAU - Rochman, Chelsea M
AU  - Rochman CM
AD  - Department of Biology and Coastal Marine Institute, San Diego State University, 
      San Diego, California, United States of America ; Department of Anatomy, 
      Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine at the University of 
      California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.
FAU - Hentschel, Brian T
AU  - Hentschel BT
AD  - Department of Biology and Coastal Marine Institute, San Diego State University, 
      San Diego, California, United States of America.
FAU - Teh, Swee J
AU  - Teh SJ
AD  - Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine 
      at the University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of 
      America.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
DEP - 20140115
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
RN  - 0 (Metals)
RN  - 0 (Plastics)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adsorption
MH  - Metals/*chemistry
MH  - Plastics/*chemistry
MH  - Water Pollutants/*chemistry
PMC - PMC3893203
COIS- Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2014/01/24 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/30 06:00
PMCR- 2014/01/15
CRDT- 2014/01/24 06:00
PHST- 2013/05/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2013/11/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/01/24 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/24 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/30 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/01/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-13-20999 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0085433 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2014 Jan 15;9(1):e85433. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085433. eCollection 
      2014.