PMID- 24455800
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20140310
LR  - 20190328
IS  - 1784-3286 (Print)
IS  - 1784-3286 (Linking)
VI  - 68
IP  - 4
DP  - 2013 Jul-Aug
TI  - The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a cause of death in persons on 
      antiretroviral therapy?
PG  - 294-7
AB  - The availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has significantly improved the 
      quality of life of persons with HIV infection. However, new problems have arisen 
      as a consequence of this treatment. An immune reconstitution inflammatory 
      syndrome (IRIS) in which patients experience a paradoxical worsening of their 
      clinical condition may occur during recovery of the immunity. Thus far, there is 
      no laboratory test available to diagnose IRIS. The diagnosis therefore remains 
      clinical and by exclusion. In this paper, we describe the autopsy findings of 
      three HIV-infected patients who died at the Antwerp University hospital directly 
      or indirectly related to IRIS. One patient died following a disseminated 
      cryptococcocal and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection. Two other 
      patients died with a disseminated aspergillosis infection after receiving 
      corticosteroids to decrease IRIS induced inflammatory signs. These three patients 
      show the difficulties faced by clinicians in diagnosing IRIS and the importance 
      of performing autopsies in persons with HIV infection who die despite receiving 
      ART.
FAU - Huis in 't Veld, D
AU  - Huis in 't Veld D
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, 
      Belgium. dhuisintveld@itg.be
FAU - Lukande, R
AU  - Lukande R
AD  - Department of Pathology, Mulago Hill Road, College of Health Sciences, Makerere 
      University, Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Lammens, M
AU  - Lammens M
AD  - Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
FAU - Conesa-Botella, A
AU  - Conesa-Botella A
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Vlieghe, E
AU  - Vlieghe E
AD  - Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, 
      Belgium.
FAU - Van Marck, E
AU  - Van Marck E
AD  - Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
FAU - Pauwels, P
AU  - Pauwels P
AD  - Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
FAU - Colebunders, R
AU  - Colebunders R
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, 
      Belgium.
LA  - eng
PT  - Case Reports
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Acta Clin Belg
JT  - Acta clinica Belgica
JID - 0370306
SB  - IM
MH  - AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/complications
MH  - Adult
MH  - Aged
MH  - Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/*adverse effects
MH  - Aspergillosis/complications
MH  - Cryptococcosis/complications
MH  - HIV Infections/complications/*drug therapy
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome/diagnosis/*etiology
MH  - Male
MH  - Meningitis, Cryptococcal/complications
MH  - Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection/complications
EDAT- 2014/01/25 06:00
MHDA- 2014/03/13 06:00
CRDT- 2014/01/25 06:00
PHST- 2014/01/25 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/01/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/03/13 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.2143/ACB.3281 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Clin Belg. 2013 Jul-Aug;68(4):294-7. doi: 10.2143/ACB.3281.