PMID- 24463096 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20140421 LR - 20140303 IS - 1096-0333 (Electronic) IS - 0041-008X (Linking) VI - 275 IP - 2 DP - 2014 Mar 1 TI - Maternal glucocorticoid elevation and associated blood metabonome changes might be involved in metabolic programming of intrauterine growth retardation in rats exposed to caffeine prenatally. PG - 79-87 LID - S0041-008X(14)00015-5 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.007 [doi] AB - Our previous studies demonstrated that prenatal caffeine exposure causes intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), fetuses are over-exposed to high levels of maternal glucocorticoids (GC), and intrauterine metabolic programming and associated metabonome alteration that may be GC-mediated. However, whether maternal metabonomes would be altered and relevant metabolite variations might mediate the development of IUGR remained unknown. In the present studies, we examined the dose- and time-effects of caffeine on maternal metabonome, and tried to clarify the potential roles of maternal GCs and metabonome changes in the metabolic programming of caffeine-induced IUGR. Pregnant rats were treated with caffeine (0, 20, 60 or 180 mg/kg.d) from gestational days (GD) 11 to 20, or 180 mg/kg.d caffeine from GD9. Metabonomes of maternal plasma on GD20 in the dose-effect study and on GD11, 14 and 17 in the time-course study were analyzed by (1)H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Caffeine administration reduced maternal weight gains and elevated both maternal and fetal corticosterone (CORT) levels. A negative correlation between maternal/fetal CORT levels and fetal bodyweight was observed. The maternal metabonome alterations included attenuated metabolism of carbohydrates, enhanced lipolysis and protein breakdown, and amino acid accumulation, suggesting GC-associated metabolic effects. GC-associated metabolite variations (alpha/beta-glucoses, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, beta-hydroxybutyrate) were observed early following caffeine administration. In conclusion, prenatal caffeine exposure induced maternal GC elevation and metabonome alteration, and maternal GC and relevant discriminatory metabolites might be involved in the metabolic programming of caffeine-induced IUGR. CI - Copyright (c) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Kou, Hao AU - Kou H AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Liu, Yansong AU - Liu Y AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Liang, Gai AU - Liang G AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Huang, Jing AU - Huang J AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Hu, Jieqiong AU - Hu J AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Yan, You-e AU - Yan YE AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Li, Xiaojun AU - Li X AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Yu, Hong AU - Yu H AD - Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - He, Xiaohua AU - He X AD - Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Zhang, Baifang AU - Zhang B AD - Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Zhang, Yuanzhen AU - Zhang Y AD - Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China; Center for Reproductive Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. FAU - Feng, Jianghua AU - Feng J AD - Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China. Electronic address: jianghua.feng@xmu.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Hui AU - Wang H AD - Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medical School of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Diseases, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address: wanghui19@whu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20140123 PL - United States TA - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol JT - Toxicology and applied pharmacology JID - 0416575 RN - 0 (Glucocorticoids) RN - 3G6A5W338E (Caffeine) RN - W980KJ009P (Corticosterone) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Caffeine/*adverse effects MH - Corticosterone/blood MH - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MH - Drug Synergism MH - Female MH - Fetal Growth Retardation/*blood/etiology/pathology MH - Fetal Weight/drug effects MH - Fetus/drug effects MH - Glucocorticoids/*blood MH - Magnetic Resonance Imaging MH - Male MH - *Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena MH - Metabolome MH - Multivariate Analysis MH - Pregnancy MH - Rats MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Time Factors OTO - NOTNLM OT - Caffeine OT - Intrauterine growth retardation OT - Maternal glucocorticoid OT - Metabolic programming OT - Metabonome EDAT- 2014/01/28 06:00 MHDA- 2014/04/22 06:00 CRDT- 2014/01/28 06:00 PHST- 2013/10/01 00:00 [received] PHST- 2014/01/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2014/01/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2014/01/28 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2014/01/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2014/04/22 06:00 [medline] AID - S0041-008X(14)00015-5 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.007 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2014 Mar 1;275(2):79-87. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.01.007. Epub 2014 Jan 23.