PMID- 24481066
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20141218
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 2
DP  - 2014 Jan 29
TI  - Three-dimensional stratification of bacterial biofilm populations in a moving bed 
      biofilm reactor for nitritation-anammox.
PG  - 2191-206
LID - 10.3390/ijms15022191 [doi]
AB  - Moving bed biofilm reactors (MBBRs) are increasingly used for nitrogen removal 
      with nitritation-anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes in wastewater 
      treatment. Carriers provide protected surfaces where ammonia oxidizing bacteria 
      (AOB) and anammox bacteria form complex biofilms. However, the knowledge about 
      the organization of microbial communities in MBBR biofilms is sparse. We used new 
      cryosectioning and imaging methods for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 
      to study the structure of biofilms retrieved from carriers in a 
      nitritation-anammox MBBR. The dimensions of the carrier compartments and the 
      biofilm cryosections after FISH showed good correlation, indicating little 
      disturbance of biofilm samples by the treatment. FISH showed that Nitrosomonas 
      europaea/eutropha-related cells dominated the AOB and Candidatus Brocadia 
      fulgida-related cells dominated the anammox guild. New carriers were initially 
      colonized by AOB, followed by anammox bacteria proliferating in the deeper 
      biofilm layers, probably in anaerobic microhabitats created by AOB activity. 
      Mature biofilms showed a pronounced three-dimensional stratification where AOB 
      dominated closer to the biofilm-water interface, whereas anammox were dominant 
      deeper into the carrier space and towards the walls. Our results suggest that 
      current mathematical models may be oversimplifying these three-dimensional 
      systems and unless the multidimensionality of these systems is considered, models 
      may result in suboptimal design of MBBR carriers.
FAU - Almstrand, Robert
AU  - Almstrand R
AD  - Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology, Microbiology, University of 
      Gothenburg, Box 462, Goteborg SE-405 30, Sweden. ralmstra@mines.edu.
FAU - Persson, Frank
AU  - Persson F
AD  - Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 
      Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg SE-412 96, Sweden. 
      Frank.Persson@chalmers.se.
FAU - Daims, Holger
AU  - Daims H
AD  - Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, 
      University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria. daims@microbial-ecology.net.
FAU - Ekenberg, Maria
AU  - Ekenberg M
AD  - AnoxKaldnes AB, Klosterangsvagen 11A, Lund SE-226 47, Sweden. 
      maria.ekenberg@anoxkaldnes.com.
FAU - Christensson, Magnus
AU  - Christensson M
AD  - AnoxKaldnes AB, Klosterangsvagen 11A, Lund SE-226 47, Sweden. 
      magnus.christensson@anoxkaldnes.com.
FAU - Wilen, Britt-Marie
AU  - Wilen BM
AD  - Water Environment Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 
      Chalmers University of Technology, Goteborg SE-412 96, Sweden. 
      Britt-Marie.Wilen@chalmers.se.
FAU - Sorensson, Fred
AU  - Sorensson F
AD  - Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology, Microbiology, University of 
      Gothenburg, Box 462, Goteborg SE-405 30, Sweden. fred.sorensson@cmb.gu.se.
FAU - Hermansson, Malte
AU  - Hermansson M
AD  - Department of Chemistry & Molecular Biology, Microbiology, University of 
      Gothenburg, Box 462, Goteborg SE-405 30, Sweden. malte.hermansson@cmb.gu.se.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20140129
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Waste Water)
SB  - IM
MH  - Anaerobiosis
MH  - *Bacterial Physiological Phenomena
MH  - *Biofilms
MH  - *Bioreactors
MH  - In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
MH  - *Nitrification
MH  - Wastewater/microbiology
PMC - PMC3958845
EDAT- 2014/02/01 06:00
MHDA- 2014/12/19 06:00
PMCR- 2014/02/01
CRDT- 2014/02/01 06:00
PHST- 2013/12/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2014/01/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2014/01/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2014/02/01 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2014/02/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2014/12/19 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2014/02/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms15022191 [pii]
AID - ijms-15-02191 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms15022191 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2014 Jan 29;15(2):2191-206. doi: 10.3390/ijms15022191.